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      Feeding preference of Euborellia annulipes to Plutella xylostella: effects of temperature and prey development stage Translated title: Preferência alimentar de Euborellia annulipes por Plutella xylostella: efeitos de temperatura e estágio de desenvolvimento da presa

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The ring-legged earwig Euborellia annulipes has been studied as a natural enemy of pest-insects and a potential predator of diamondback moth. Temperature is an important factor that mediates the pest population density and may affect the predator-prey relationship dynamics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the temperature and development stage of Plutella xylostella individuals on the feeding preference of E. annulipes females. Three temperatures (18 ºC, 25 ºC and 32 ºC), two development stages (larvae and pupae) and two feeding conditions related to the prey capture (with or without choice) were assessed. No matter the temperature, ring-legged earwig females showed a preference for eating larvae, instead of pupae. The temperature and choice conditions influenced the amount of consumed preys, but only for larvae (not for pupae). The lowest larvae consumption was observed at 18 ºC, in both prey capture conditions.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO A tesourinha Euborellia annulipes vem sendo estudada como inimigo natural de insetos-pragas e potencial predadora da traça-das-crucíferas. A temperatura é um fator importante para mediar o aumento da densidade populacional de pragas, podendo afetar as dinâmicas da relação predador-presa. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da temperatura e do estágio de desenvolvimento de indivíduos de Plutella xylostella na preferência alimentar de fêmeas de E. annulipes. Três temperaturas (18 ºC, 25 ºC e 32 ºC), dois estágios de desenvolvimento (lagartas e pupas) e duas condições de alimentação relacionadas à captura das presas (com e sem escolha) foram avaliados. Independentemente da temperatura, fêmeas de tesourinha mostraram preferência alimentar por lagartas, ao invés de pupas. As condições de temperatura e de escolha influenciaram na quantidade de presas consumidas, mas apenas para larvas (não para pupas). O menor consumo de lagartas foi observado sob 18 ºC, em ambas as condições de captura.

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          Most cited references42

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          Some Characteristics of Simple Types of Predation and Parasitism

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            Estimating the economic cost of one of the world's major insect pests, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): just how long is a piece of string?

            Since 1993, the annual worldwide cost of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), control has been routinely quoted to be US$1 billion. This estimate requires updating and incorporation of yield losses to reflect current total costs of the pest to the world economy. We present an analysis that estimates what the present costs are likely to be based on a set of necessary, but reasoned, assumptions. We use an existing climate driven model for diamondback moth distribution and abundance, the Food and Agriculture Organization country Brassica crop production data and various management scenarios to bracket the cost estimates. The "length of the string" is somewhere between US$1.3 billion and US$2.3 billion based on management costs. However, if residual pest damage is included then the cost estimates will be even higher; a conservative estimate of 5% diamondback moth-induced yield loss to all crops adds another US$2.7 billion to the total costs associated with the pest. A conservative estimate of total costs associated with diamondback moth management is thus US$4 billion-US$5 billion. The lower bound represents rational decision making by pest managers based on diamondback moth abundance driven by climate only. The upper estimate is due to the more normal practice of weekly insecticide application to vegetable crops and the assumption that canola (Brassica napus L.) is treated with insecticide at least once during the crop cycle. Readers can decide for themselves what the real cost is likely to be because we provide country data for further interpretation. Our analysis suggests that greater efforts at implementation of even basic integrated pest management would reduce insecticide inputs considerably, reducing negative environmental impacts and saving many hundreds of millions of dollars annually.
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              Temperature dependence of the functional response.

              The Arrhenius equation has emerged as the favoured model for describing the temperature dependence of consumption in predator-prey models. To examine the relevance of this equation, we undertook a meta-analysis of published relationships between functional response parameters and temperature. We show that, when plotted in lin-log space, temperature dependence of both attack rate and maximal ingestion rate exhibits a hump-shaped relationship and not a linear one as predicted by the Arrhenius equation. The relationship remains significantly downward concave even when data from temperatures above the peak of the hump are discarded. Temperature dependence is stronger for attack rate than for maximal ingestion rate, but the thermal optima are not different. We conclude that the use of the Arrhenius equation to describe consumption in predator-prey models requires the assumption that temperatures above thermal optima are unimportant for population and community dynamics, an assumption that is untenable given the available data. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pat
                Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical
                Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop.
                Escola de Agronomia/UFG (Goiânia, GO, Brazil )
                1517-6398
                1983-4063
                2020
                : 50
                : e57778
                Affiliations
                [2] Jaboticabal orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista orgdiv1Departamento de Fitossanidade Brazil gilmarsilvanunes@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1983-40632020000100204 S1983-4063(20)05000000204
                10.1590/1983-40632020v5057778
                6e8b47ab-7e8f-429c-bcae-edadd7015aa0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 March 2019
                : 07 June 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 46, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Research Article

                Biological control,Controle biológico,manejo integrado de pragas,brassicas,brássicas,condições térmicas,thermal conditions,tesourinha,integrated pest management,earwig

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