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      Parsonage-Turner posterior a vacunación antirrábica por mordedura de murciélago: comunicación de un caso Translated title: Parsonage-Turner after rabies vaccination due to bat bite: case report

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Paciente adulto masculino que consulta por mordedura de murciélago. Se realiza aplicación de vacuna antirrábica y toxoide tetánico, tras lo cual presenta alteraciones motoras, sensitivas y dolor de difícil manejo en el miembro superior derecho. Siendo un reto diagnóstico de manera inicial, posterior a estudios electrofisiológicos se consideró un síndrome de Parsonage-Turner. Este caso es relevante por la asociación de vacuna antirrábica no descrita en antecedentes de inmunización en revisiones previas. Caso clínico: Se le realizaron varias pruebas diagnósticas e imágenes como ecografías, resonancia magnética y estudios electrofisiológicos los cuales confirmaron el diagnóstico de neuritis braquial (síndrome de Parsonage-Turner). El paciente recibió intervenciones quirúrgicas con fascitomías y neurólisis, además de múltiples manejos farmacológicos para dolor, incluyendo opioides fuertes, neuromoduladores, antidepresivos y medicamentos por bomba intratecal, con disminución solo del 50 % de los síntomas de dolor y afectación a su calidad de vida. Conclusión: El caso nos muestra cómo el síndrome de Parsonage-Turner, una enfermedad neurológica con etiología desconocida, se puede cronificar en un síndrome doloroso al no tener un diagnóstico temprano o someter al paciente procedimientos no indicados. Este síndrome debe considerarse en la atención de urgencias y consulta externa por sus consecuencias a largo plazo y el difícil manejo de los síntomas crónicos. Hay una relación causal reportada en la literatura con el toxoide tetánico, pero este se aplicó previo a los síntomas; no hay referencias de inicio de síntomas posterior a la vacuna antirrábica, lo cual puede generar a futuro, una relación causal si se encontraran nuevos casos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Adult male patient who suffers a bat bite, after which rabies vaccine and tetanus toxoid are administered; later, he presents on the right upper limb severe motor, sensory and pain disorders. Initially a diagnostic challenge, after electrophysiological studies, Parsonage-Turner syndrome was considered. This case is relevant since the association between rabies vaccine and this syndrome has not been described. Clinical case: Several diagnostic tests and images were performed, including ultrasound, magnetic resonance and electrophysiological studies, which confirmed the diagnosis of brachial neuritis (Parsonage-Turner syndrome). Even though the patient received surgical interventions with fasciotomies and neurolysis as well as multiple pharmacological pain management with strong opioids, neuromodulators, antidepressants and intrathecal pump medications, there was a 50 % decrease in pain symptoms and an impairment of their quality of life. Conclusion: The case shows a Parsonage-Turner syndrome, a neurological disease with unknown etiology, with difficult diagnosis which can lead to chronic pain syndrome or unnecessary surgical procedures. This syndrome should be considered in emergency care and outpatient care due to its long-term consequences and the difficult management of chronic symptoms. There is a causal relationship reported in the literature with tetanus toxoid, but it was applied prior to symptoms; there are no reports of onset of symptoms after the rabies vaccine, which may generate a causal relationship in the future if new cases are found.

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          Algorithm for neuropathic pain treatment: an evidence based proposal.

          New studies of the treatment of neuropathic pain have increased the need for an updated review of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to support an evidence based algorithm to treat neuropathic pain conditions. Available studies were identified using a MEDLINE and EMBASE search. One hundred and five studies were included. Numbers needed to treat (NNT) and numbers needed to harm (NNH) were used to compare efficacy and safety of the treatments in different neuropathic pain syndromes. The quality of each trial was assessed. Tricyclic antidepressants and the anticonvulsants gabapentin and pregabalin were the most frequently studied drug classes. In peripheral neuropathic pain, the lowest NNT was for tricyclic antidepressants, followed by opioids and the anticonvulsants gabapentin and pregabalin. For central neuropathic pain there is limited data. NNT and NNH are currently the best way to assess relative efficacy and safety, but the need for dichotomous data, which may have to be estimated retrospectively for old trials, and the methodological complexity of pooling data from small cross-over and large parallel group trials, remain as limitations.
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            The clinical spectrum of neuralgic amyotrophy in 246 cases.

            We investigated the symptoms, course and prognosis of neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) in a large group of patients with idiopathic neuralgic amyotrophy (INA, n = 199) and hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA, n = 47) to gain more insight into the broad clinical spectrum of the disorder. Several findings from earlier smaller-scale studies were tested, and for the first time the potential differences between the hereditary and idiopathic phenotypes and between males and females were explored. Generally, the course of the pain manifests itself in three consecutive phases with an initial severe, continuous pain lasting for approximately 4 weeks on average. Sensory involvement was quite common and found in 78.4% of patients but was clinically less impairing than the initial pain and subsequent paresis. As a typically patchy disorder NA can affect almost any nerve in the brachial plexus, although damage in the upper and middle trunk distribution with involvement of the long thoracic and/or suprascapular nerve occurred most frequently (71.1%). We found no correlation between the distribution of motor and sensory symptoms. In INA recurrent attacks were found in 26.1% of the patients during an average 6 year follow-up. HNA patients had an earlier onset (28.4 versus 41.3 years), more attacks (mean 3.5 versus 1.5) and more frequent involvement of nerves outside the brachial plexus (55.8 versus 17.3%) than INA patients, and a more severe maximum paresis, with a subsequent poorer functional outcome. In males the initial pain tended to last longer than it did in females (45 versus 23 days). In females the middle or lower parts of the brachial plexus were involved more frequently (23.1 versus 10.5% in males), and their functional outcome was worse. Overall recovery was less favourable than usually assumed, with persisting pain and paresis in approximately two-thirds of the patients who were followed for 3 years or more.
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              Natural history of brachial plexus neuropathy. Report on 99 patients.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                dolor
                Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor
                Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor
                Inspira Network Group, S.L (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1134-8046
                February 2021
                : 28
                : 1
                : 57-61
                Affiliations
                [1] Cali Valle del Cauca orgnameUniversidad del Valle orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación Colombia
                Article
                S1134-80462021000200057 S1134-8046(21)02800100057
                10.20986/resed.2021.3832/2020
                6ead0927-6e9e-4859-a4ed-6fc47ffc35e1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 March 2021
                : 01 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 10, Pages: 5
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                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Nota Clínica

                plexopatía braquial,brachial plexopathy,bat,pain,Parsonage-Turner,vaccination,murciélago,vacunación,vacuna antirrábica,rabies vaccine,dolor

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