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      Current Resources for Evidence-Based Practice, September 2020

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          Abstract

          An extensive review of new resources to support the provision of evidence-based care for women and infants. The current column includes a discussion of “spin” in scientific reporting and its effect on summaries and syntheses of the literature and commentaries on reviews about early versus late amniotomy as part of labor induction protocols and the economic burden associated with maternal morbidity.

          Abstract

          A review of new resources to support the provision of evidence-based care for women and infants.

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          Progression to type 2 diabetes in women with a known history of gestational diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis

          Elpida Vounzoulaki, Kamlesh Khunti, Sophia C Abner … (2020)
          Abstract Objective To estimate and compare progression rates to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy controls. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Medline and Embase between January 2000 and December 2019, studies published in English and conducted on humans. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Observational studies investigating progression to T2DM. Inclusion criteria were postpartum follow-up for at least 12 months, incident physician based diagnosis of diabetes, T2DM reported as a separate outcome rather than combined with impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance, and studies with both a group of patients with GDM and a control group. Results This meta-analysis of 20 studies assessed a total of 1 332 373 individuals (67 956 women with GDM and 1 264 417 controls). Data were pooled by random effects meta-analysis models, and heterogeneity was assessed by use of the I2 statistic. The pooled relative risk for the incidence of T2DM between participants with GDM and controls was estimated. Reasons for heterogeneity between studies were investigated by prespecified subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and, overall, studies were deemed to have a low risk of bias (P=0.58 and P=0.90). The overall relative risk for T2DM was almost 10 times higher in women with previous GDM than in healthy controls (9.51, 95% confidence interval 7.14 to 12.67, P<0.001). In populations of women with previous GDM, the cumulative incidence of T2DM was 16.46% (95% confidence interval 16.16% to 16.77%) in women of mixed ethnicity, 15.58% (13.30% to 17.86%) in a predominantly non-white population, and 9.91% (9.39% to 10.42%) in a white population. These differences were not statistically significant between subgroups (white v mixed populations, P=0.26; white v non-white populations, P=0.54). Meta-regression analyses showed that the study effect size was not significantly associated with mean study age, body mass index, publication year, and length of follow-up. Conclusions Women with a history of GDM appear to have a nearly 10-fold higher risk of developing T2DM than those with a normoglycaemic pregnancy. The magnitude of this risk highlights the importance of intervening to prevent the onset of T2DM, particularly in the early years after pregnancy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019123079.
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            The Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: A Multivariate Bayesian Meta-Analysis

            Emily Fawcett, Nichole Fairbrother, Megan Cox … (2019)
            To estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders in pregnant and postpartum women and identify predictors accounting for variability across estimates. An electronic search of PsycINFO and PubMed was conducted from inception until July 2016, without date or language restrictions, and supplemented by articles referenced in the obtained sources. A Boolean search phrase utilized a combination of keywords related to pregnancy, postpartum, prevalence, and specific anxiety disorders. Articles reporting the prevalence of one or more of eight common anxiety disorders in pregnant or postpartum women were included. A total of 2,613 records were retrieved, with 26 studies ultimately included. Anxiety disorder prevalence and potential predictor variables (e.g., parity) were extracted from each study. A Bayesian multivariate modeling approach estimated the prevalence and between-study heterogeneity of each disorder and the prevalence of having one or more disorder. Individual disorder prevalence estimates ranged from 1.1% for PTSD to 4.8% for specific phobia, with the prevalence of having at least one or more disorder estimated to be 20.7% [16.7% to 25.4%]. Substantial between-study heterogeneity was observed suggesting that “true” prevalence varies broadly across samples. There was evidence of a small (3.1%) tendency for pregnant women to be more susceptible to anxiety disorders than postpartum women. Peripartum anxiety disorders are more prevalent than previously thought, with 1 in 5 women in a typical sample meeting diagnostic criteria for at least one disorder. These findings highlight the need for anxiety screening, education and referral in obstetrics and gynecology settings.
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              Preterm Birth as a Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease in Adult Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

              Panagiota Markopoulou, Eleni Papanikolaou, Antonis Analytis … (2019)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Marit L. Bovbjerg
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs
                Title: Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing
                Publisher: AWHONN, the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc.
                ISSN (Print): 0884-2175
                ISSN (Electronic): 1552-6909
                Publication date PMC-release: 15 August 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 August 2020
                Author notes
                [∗ ] Correspondence Marit L. Bovbjerg, PhD, MS, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Milam Hall 103, Corvallis, OR 97331. marit.bovbjerg@ 123456oregonstate.edu
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0884-2175(20)30120-9
                DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2020.08.003
                PMC ID: 7428455
                SO-VID: 6f071e98-2fbc-42ec-aeb8-be6093d64d7f
                Copyright © © 2020 AWHONN, the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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