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      Genome size variation at constant chromosome number is not correlated with repetitive DNA dynamism in Anacyclus (Asteraceae)

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          Abstract

          Background and Aims

          Changes in the amount of repetitive DNA (dispersed and tandem repeats) are considered the main contributors to genome size variation across plant species in the absence of polyploidy. However, the study of repeatome dynamism in groups showing contrasting genomic features and complex evolutionary histories is needed to determine whether other processes underlying genome size variation may have been overlooked. The main aim here was to elucidate which mechanism best explains genome size evolution in Anacyclus (Asteraceae).

          Methods

          Using data from Illumina sequencing, we analysed the repetitive DNA in all species of Anacyclus, a genus with a reticulate evolutionary history, which displays significant genome size and karyotype diversity albeit presenting a stable chromosome number.

          Key Results

          By reconstructing ancestral genome size values, we inferred independent episodes of genome size expansions and contractions during the evolution of the genus. However, analysis of the repeatome revealed a similar DNA repeat composition across species, both qualitative and quantitative. Using comparative methods to study repeatome dynamics in the genus, we found no evidence for repeat activity causing genome size variation among species.

          Conclusions

          Our results, combined with previous cytogenetic data, suggest that genome size differences in Anacyclus are probably related to chromosome rearrangements involving losses or gains of chromosome fragments, possibly associated with homoploid hybridization. These could represent balanced rearrangements that do not disrupt gene dosage in merged genomes, for example via chromosome segment exchanges.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Ann Bot
          Ann. Bot
          annbot
          Annals of Botany
          Oxford University Press (US )
          0305-7364
          1095-8290
          March 2020
          07 November 2019
          29 March 2021
          : 125
          : 4
          : 611-623
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB) , Passeig del Migdia sn, 08038 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
          [2 ] Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC) , Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
          [3 ] Laboratori de Botànica – Unitat associada CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
          [4 ] Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
          Author notes
          For correspondence. Email daniel.vitales@ 123456ibb.csic.es
          Article
          PMC7103019 PMC7103019 7103019 mcz183
          10.1093/aob/mcz183
          7103019
          31697800
          6f399078-9881-4d2a-8524-75f767e1b203
          © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

          This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model ( https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)

          History
          : 20 August 2019
          : 20 September 2019
          : 06 November 2019
          : 01 November 2019
          : 29 November 2019
          Page count
          Pages: 13
          Funding
          Funded by: Catalan government;
          Award ID: 2017SGR1116
          Funded by: Spanish government;
          Award ID: CGL2010-18039
          Award ID: CGL2013-49097-C2-1-P
          Award ID: CGL2013-49097-C2-2-P
          Award ID: CGL2016-75694-P
          Award ID: RYC-2014–16608
          Award ID: RYC-2016–21176
          Categories
          Original Articles
          AcademicSubjects/SCI01210

          genome size,comparative genomics,chromosome number, Anacyclus ,homoploid hybridization,repetitive DNA,reticulate evolution,transposable elements (TEs), Heliocauta atlantica

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