9
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Relationship between the Daily Rhythm of Distal Skin Temperature and Brown Adipose Tissue 18F-FDG Uptake in Young Sedentary Adults

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The present study examines whether the daily rhythm of distal skin temperature (DST) is associated with brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism as determined by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18F-FDG) uptake in young adults. Using a wireless thermometer (iButton) worn on the nondominant wrist, DST was measured in 77 subjects (26% male; age 22 ± 2 years; body mass index 25.2 ± 4.8 kg/m 2) for 7 consecutive days. The temperatures to which they were habitually exposed over the day were also recorded. The interday stability of DST was calculated from the collected data, along with the intraday variability and relative amplitude; the mean temperature of the 5 and 10 consecutive hours with the maximum and minimum DST values, respectively; and when these hours occurred. Following exposure to cold, BAT volume and mean and peak standardized 18F-FDG uptake (SUV mean and SUV peak) were determined for each subject via static 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography scanning. Relative amplitude and the time at which the 10 consecutive hours of minimum DST values occurred were positively associated with BAT volume, SUV mean, and SUV peak ( p ≤ 0.02), whereas the mean DST of that period was inversely associated with the latter BAT variables ( p ≤ 0.01). The interday stability and intraday variability of the DST were also associated (directly and inversely, respectively) with BAT SUV peak ( p ≤ 0.02 for both). All of these associations disappeared, however, when the analyses were adjusted for the ambient temperature to which the subjects were habitually exposed. Thus, the relationship between the daily rhythm of DST and BAT activity estimated by 18F-FDG uptake is masked by environmental and likely behavioral factors. Of note is that those participants exposed to the lowest ambient temperature showed 3 to 5 times more BAT volume and activity compared with subjects who were exposed to a warmer ambient temperature.

          Related collections

          Most cited references44

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants.

          Because human activities impact the timing, location, and degree of pollutant exposure, they play a key role in explaining exposure variation. This fact has motivated the collection of activity pattern data for their specific use in exposure assessments. The largest of these recent efforts is the National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS), a 2-year probability-based telephone survey (n=9386) of exposure-related human activities in the United States (U.S.) sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The primary purpose of NHAPS was to provide comprehensive and current exposure information over broad geographical and temporal scales, particularly for use in probabilistic population exposure models. NHAPS was conducted on a virtually daily basis from late September 1992 through September 1994 by the University of Maryland's Survey Research Center using a computer-assisted telephone interview instrument (CATI) to collect 24-h retrospective diaries and answers to a number of personal and exposure-related questions from each respondent. The resulting diary records contain beginning and ending times for each distinct combination of location and activity occurring on the diary day (i.e., each microenvironment). Between 340 and 1713 respondents of all ages were interviewed in each of the 10 EPA regions across the 48 contiguous states. Interviews were completed in 63% of the households contacted. NHAPS respondents reported spending an average of 87% of their time in enclosed buildings and about 6% of their time in enclosed vehicles. These proportions are fairly constant across the various regions of the U.S. and Canada and for the California population between the late 1980s, when the California Air Resources Board (CARB) sponsored a state-wide activity pattern study, and the mid-1990s, when NHAPS was conducted. However, the number of people exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in California seems to have decreased over the same time period, where exposure is determined by the reported time spent with a smoker. In both California and the entire nation, the most time spent exposed to ETS was reported to take place in residential locations.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Brown adipose tissue as a secretory organ.

            Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the main site of adaptive thermogenesis and experimental studies have associated BAT activity with protection against obesity and metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. Active BAT is present in adult humans and its activity is impaired in patients with obesity. The ability of BAT to protect against chronic metabolic disease has traditionally been attributed to its capacity to utilize glucose and lipids for thermogenesis. However, BAT might also have a secretory role, which could contribute to the systemic consequences of BAT activity. Several BAT-derived molecules that act in a paracrine or autocrine manner have been identified. Most of these factors promote hypertrophy and hyperplasia of BAT, vascularization, innervation and blood flow, processes that are all associated with BAT recruitment when thermogenic activity is enhanced. Additionally, BAT can release regulatory molecules that act on other tissues and organs. This secretory capacity of BAT is thought to be involved in the beneficial effects of BAT transplantation in rodents. Fibroblast growth factor 21, IL-6 and neuregulin 4 are among the first BAT-derived endocrine factors to be identified. In this Review, we discuss the current understanding of the regulatory molecules (the so-called brown adipokines or batokines) that are released by BAT that influence systemic metabolism and convey the beneficial metabolic effects of BAT activation. The identification of such adipokines might also direct drug discovery approaches for managing obesity and its associated chronic metabolic diseases.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Regulation of Body Temperature by the Nervous System

              The regulation of body temperature is one of the most critical functions of the nervous system. Here we review our current understanding of thermoregulation in mammals. We outline the molecules and cells that measure body temperature in the periphery, the neural pathways that communicate this information to the brain, and the central circuits that coordinate the homeostatic response. We also discuss some of the key unresolved questions in this field, including: the role of temperature sensing in the brain; the molecular identity of the warm-sensor; the central representation of the labelled line for cold; and the neural substrates of thermoregulatory behavior. We suggest that approaches for molecularly-defined circuit analysis will provide new insight into these questions in the near future.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Biol Rhythms
                J. Biol. Rhythms
                JBR
                spjbr
                Journal of Biological Rhythms
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                0748-7304
                1552-4531
                07 August 2019
                October 2019
                : 34
                : 5
                : 533-550
                Affiliations
                [* ]PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
                []Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
                []Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
                [§ ]Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                [|| ]Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Granada, Spain
                []Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
                [# ]Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
                Author notes
                [*] [1. ]Francisco M. Acosta, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; e-mail: acostaf@ 123456ugr.es .

                Clinical trial registry: NCT02365129 ( ClinicalTrials.gov).

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-0969
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8213-3370
                Article
                10.1177_0748730419865400
                10.1177/0748730419865400
                6732824
                31389278
                6f67efaf-7d14-44d1-b223-2e07060dba0e
                © 2019 The Author(s)

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                Funding
                Funded by: Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), ;
                Funded by: Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR, ;
                Funded by: Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI13/01393, CIBERFES grant (CB16/10/00239), and 19899/GERM/15 (co-financed by FEDER), ;
                Funded by: ministerio de ciencia e innovación, FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837;
                Funded by: Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Grants DEP2016-79512-R and PTA 12264-I, ;
                Funded by: Fondos Estructurales de la Unión Europea (FEDER), ;
                Funded by: universidad de granada, FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006393;
                Funded by: AstraZeneca HealthCare Foundation, ;
                Funded by: Redes temáticas de investigación cooperativa RETIC (Red SAMID RD12/0026/0015 and RD16/0022), ;
                Funded by: Fundación Iberoamericana de Nutrición (FINUT), ;
                Categories
                Original Articles

                Cell biology
                brown fat,circadian rhythm,wrist skin temperature,glucose uptake,obesity,thermoregulation,cardiometabolic risk,cold-induced thermogenesis

                Comments

                Comment on this article