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      Human villous trophoblasts express and secrete placenta-specific microRNAs into maternal circulation via exosomes.

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          Abstract

          In this study, we performed small RNA library sequencing using human placental tissues to identify placenta-specific miRNAs. We also tested the hypothesis that human chorionic villi could secrete miRNAs extracellularly via exosomes, which in turn enter into maternal circulation. By small RNA library sequencing, most placenta-specific miRNAs (e.g., MIR517A) were linked to a miRNA cluster on chromosome 19. The miRNA cluster genes were differentially expressed in placental development. Subsequent validation by real-time PCR and in situ hybridization revealed that villous trophoblasts express placenta-specific miRNAs. The analysis of small RNA libraries from the blood plasma showed that the placenta-specific miRNAs are abundant in the plasma of pregnant women. By real-time PCR, we confirmed the rapid clearance of the placenta-specific miRNAs from the plasma after delivery, indicating that such miRNAs enter into maternal circulation. By using the trophoblast cell line BeWo in culture, we demonstrated that miRNAs are indeed extracellularly released via exosomes. Taken together, our findings suggest that miRNAs are exported from the human placental syncytiotrophoblast into maternal circulation, where they could target maternal tissues. Finally, to address the biological functions of placenta-specific miRNAs, we performed a proteome analysis of BeWo cells transfected with MIR517A. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that this miRNA is possibly involved in tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling. Our data provide important insights into miRNA biology of the human placenta.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Biol Reprod
          Biology of reproduction
          Society for the Study of Reproduction
          1529-7268
          0006-3363
          Oct 2009
          : 81
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Departments of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
          Article
          biolreprod.108.075481
          10.1095/biolreprod.108.075481
          19494253
          6f7126d9-e75c-4981-bcdf-3fa893f82df8
          History

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