For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
14
views
41
references
 Top references
cited by
137
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      1,094
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The association between Diabetes mellitus and Depression

      review-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Depression occurrence is two to three times higher in people with diabetes mellitus, the majority of the cases remaining under-diagnosed. The purpose of this review was to show the links between depression and diabetes, point out the importance of identifying depression in diabetic patients and identify the possible ways to address both diseases. Possible common pathophysiological mechanisms as stress and inflammation were explained, while emphasis was made on screening for depression in diabetic patients. An important aspect for the diabetic specialist would be the understanding of the common origins of diabetes and depression and the awareness of this quite common comorbidity, in order to improve the outcomes of both diseases.

          Abbreviations:

          DALYS = disability adjusted life years, DSM-5 = American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DM1 = Type 1 diabetes mellitus, DM2 = Type 2 diabetes mellitus, HPA-axis = hypothalamus – pituitary – adrenal axis, SNS = sympathetic nervous system, BDI = Beck Depression Inventory, CES-D = Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire.

          Related collections

          Most cited references41

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptom Scales: a systematic review.

          Kurt Kroenke, Robert L Spitzer, Janet B W Williams … (2010)
          Depression, anxiety and somatization are the most common mental disorders in primary care as well as medical specialty populations; each is present in at least 5-10% of patients and frequently comorbid with one another. An efficient means for measuring and monitoring all three conditions would be desirable. Evidence regarding the psychometric and pragmatic characteristics of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)-7 anxiety and PHQ-15 somatic symptom scales are synthesized from two sources: (1) four multisite cross-sectional studies (three conducted in primary care and one in obstetric-gynecology practices) comprising 9740 patients, and (2) key studies from the literature that have studied these scales. The PHQ-9 and its abbreviated eight-item (PHQ-8) and two-item (PHQ-2) versions have good sensitivity and specificity for detecting depressive disorders. Likewise, the GAD-7 and its abbreviated two-item (GAD-2) version have good operating characteristics for detecting generalized anxiety, panic, social anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. The optimal cutpoint is > or = 10 on the parent scales (PHQ-9 and GAD-7) and > or = 3 on the ultra-brief versions (PHQ-2 and GAD-2). The PHQ-15 is equal or superior to other brief measures for assessing somatic symptoms and screening for somatoform disorders. Cutpoints of 5, 10 and 15 represent mild, moderate and severe symptom levels on all three scales. Sensitivity to change is well-established for the PHQ-9 and emerging albeit not yet definitive for the GAD-7 and PHQ-15. The PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PHQ-15 are brief well-validated measures for detecting and monitoring depression, anxiety and somatization. Copyright 2010. Published by Elsevier Inc.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1224 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Apoptosis and interferons: role of interferon-stimulated genes as mediators of apoptosis.

            M Chawla-Sarkar, D J Lindner, Y-F Liu … (2003)
            IFNs are a family of cytokines with pleiotropic biological effects mediated by scores of responsive genes. IFNs were the first human proteins to be effective in cancer therapy and were among the first recombinant DNA products to be used clinically. Both quality and quantity of life has been improved in response to IFNs in various malignancies. Despite its beneficial effects, unraveling the mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects of IFN has proven to be a complex task. IFNs may mediate anti-tumor effects either indirectly by modulating immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic responses or by directly affecting proliferation or cellular differentiation of tumor cells. Both direct or indirect effects of IFNs result from induction of a subset of genes, called IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). In addition to the ISGs implicated in anti-viral, anti-angiogenic, immunomodulatory and cell cycle inhibitory effects, oligonucleotide microarray studies have identified ISGs with apoptotic functions. These include TNF-alpha related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo2L), Fas/FasL, XIAP associated factor-1 (XAF-1), caspase-4, caspase-8, dsRNA activated protein kinase (PKR), 2'5'A oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS), death activating protein kinases (DAP kinase), phospholipid scramblase, galectin 9, IFN regulatory factors (IRFs), promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) and regulators of IFN induced death (RIDs). In vitro IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma induced apoptosis in multiple cell lines of varied histologies. This review will emphasize possible mechanisms and the role of ISGs involved in mediating apoptotic function of IFNs.
            Article 0 comments Cited 182 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes.

              Antonio Convit, Robert Gold, Bryan Richardson … (2007)
              There is evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment. Most studies investigating this association have evaluated elderly individuals, after many years of diabetes, who generally have poor glycaemic control and significant vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the early cognitive consequences and associated brain correlates of type 2 diabetes. With regard to cognition and brain measures, we compared 23 age-, sex- and education-matched control subjects with 23 mostly middle-aged individuals with relatively well-controlled diabetes of less than 10 years from the time of diagnosis. We found deficits in hippocampal-based memory performance and preservation of other cognitive domains. Relative to control subjects, individuals with diabetes had reductions in brain volumes that were restricted to the hippocampus. There was an inverse relationship between glycaemic control and hippocampal volume; in multivariate regression analysis, HbA(1c) was the only significant predictor of hippocampal volume, accounting for 33% of the observed variance. Other variables commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as elevated BMI, hypertension or dyslipidaemia, did not independently contribute to the variance in hippocampal volume. These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent.
              Article 0 comments Cited 135 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Med Life
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Med Life
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JMedLife
                Title: Journal of Medicine and Life
                Publisher: Carol Davila University Press (Romania )
                ISSN (Print): 1844-122X
                ISSN (Electronic): 1844-3117
                Publication date (Print): Apr-Jun 2016
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 120-125
                Affiliations
                [* ]Division of Physiology & Fundamental Neuroscience, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
                [** ]Division of Ophthalmology, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Emergency Eye Hospital Bucharest, Romania
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Călin Tătaru, MD, PhD, Emergency Eye Hospital, Bucharest, 1 Alexandru Lahovari Square, District 1, Bucharest, Romania, Phone: +40 213192751, E-mail: calintataru1@yahoo.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: JMedLife-09-120
                PMC ID: 4863499
                PubMed ID: 27453739
                SO-VID: 6fd7e9ab-1a9c-4340-8354-a7a2eb768742
                Copyright © ©Carol Davila University Press
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 24 January 2016
                Date accepted : 19 April 2016
                Categories
                Subject: Reviews

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: diabetes mellitus,depression,comorbidity,epidemiology
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: diabetes mellitus, depression, comorbidity, epidemiology

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                Similar content1,094

                See all similar

                Cited by137

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors943

                See all reference authors