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      Integration of VLS-Grown WO 3 Nanowires into Sensing Devices for the Detection of H 2S and O 3

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      ACS Omega
      American Chemical Society

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          Abstract

          The inspiration behind this research is the development of tungsten oxide (WO3) nanowires based, highly sensitive and selective sensing devices directly on the active sensing platform. WO 3 one-dimensional nanowires were synthesized via the vapour-phase growth technique. This approach allows the production of well-aligned and uniform nanowires on alumina substrates with their diameter and length in the nanometer range. The morphological and structural properties of nanowires have been investigated by means of the field effect electron microscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Finally, the fabricated WO 3 nanowire sensing devices and their gas sensing performance were investigated in the presence of different oxidizing and reducing gases (especially environmental gases) at different temperatures. The WO 3 sensors demonstrate high performance toward H 2S and O 3 at the optimal working temperatures of 400 and 200 °C, respectively, with the detection limit in the ppb level.

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          Most cited references46

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          Nanostructured Tungsten Oxide - Properties, Synthesis, and Applications

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            Metal oxide nano-crystals for gas sensing.

            This review article is focused on the description of metal oxide single crystalline nanostructures used for gas sensing. Metal oxide nano-wires are crystalline structures with precise chemical composition, surface terminations, and dislocation-defect free. Their nanosized dimension generate properties that can be significantly different from their coarse-grained polycrystalline counterpart. Surface effects appear because of the magnification in the specific surface of nanostructures, leading to an enhancement of the properties related to that, such as catalytic activity or surface adsorption. Properties that are basic phenomenon underlying solid-state gas sensors. Their use as gas-sensing materials should reduce instabilities, suffered from their polycrystalline counterpart, associated with grain coalescence and drift in electrical properties. High degree of crystallinity and atomic sharp terminations make them very promising for better understanding of sensing principles and for development of a new generation of gas sensors. These sensing nano-crystals can be used as resistors, in FET based or optical based gas sensors. The gas experiments presented confirm good sensing properties, the possibility to use dopants and catalyser such in thin film gas sensors and the real integration in low power consumption transducers of single crystalline nanobelts prove the feasibility of large scale manufacturing of well-organized sensor arrays based on different nanostructures. Nevertheless, a greater control in the growth is required for an application in commercial systems, together with a thorough understanding of the growth mechanism that can lead to a control in nano-wires size and size distributions, shape, crystal structure and atomic termination.
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              Quasi-one dimensional metal oxide semiconductors: Preparation, characterization and application as chemical sensors

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ACS Omega
                ACS Omega
                ao
                acsodf
                ACS Omega
                American Chemical Society
                2470-1343
                25 September 2019
                08 October 2019
                : 4
                : 15
                : 16336-16343
                Affiliations
                [1]SENSOR Laboratory, University of Brescia , Via D. Valotti 9, 25133 Brescia, Italy
                Author notes
                Article
                10.1021/acsomega.9b01792
                6787887
                700017b9-9605-4953-bae4-049bbfb8c125
                Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

                This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.

                History
                : 17 June 2019
                : 20 August 2019
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                ao9b01792
                ao-2019-01792k

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