¿Por qué es justo reconocer la representación especial de las minorías? Reflexiones del consenso traslapado en Rawls a la ciudadanía diferenciada en Young  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Why is it fair to recognize the special representation of minorities? Reflections of the overlapping consensus in Rawls to the differentiated citizenship in Young </span>

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Abstract

Resumen Un asunto clave en nuestras sociedades democráticas es el principio de representación. Razón por la cual en países de todo el mundo se han establecido cuotas para minorías en la política electoral, haciendo más real la suposición de que en democracia todo ciudadano es libre de elegir y ser elegido al gozar de garantías durante los procesos electorales. No obstante, es frecuente observar la exclusión y vulneración de grupos sociales como los negros, las mujeres, minorías religiosas y étnicas, junto a las de género por su situación socioeconómica como por su identidad sociocultural. Por lo tanto, en este artículo se reflexiona en torno a por qué es justo reconocer y agregar los intereses de los grupos minoritarios en el ordenamiento jurídico de un país. Todo ello a partir de los planteamientos de justicia expuestos tanto en John Rawls como en Iris Marion Young. Es así como en las siguientes líneas se provee un marco analítico en el que confluyen los fundamentos del consenso traslapado con la idea de la ciudadanía diferenciada para reconocer la necesidad de una representación especial mediante leyes de cuotas electorales para las minorías.

Translated abstract

Abstract A key issue in our democratic societies is the principle of representation. Therefore, quotas have been established for minorities in electoral politics in countries around the world, assuming that in a democracy, every citizen is free to choose and be elected by enjoying guarantees during electoral processes. However, it is common to observe the exclusion and vulnerability of social groups such as blacks, women, religious and ethnic minorities, and gender groups due to their socioeconomic situation and socio-cultural identity. Therefore, this article reflects on why it is fair to recognize and add the interests of minority groups in the legal system of a country. All this from the approaches of justice exposed both in John Rawls and in Iris Marion Young. This is how the following lines provide an analytical framework in which the foundations of overlapping consensus converge with the idea of differentiated citizenship to recognize the need for special representation through electoral quota laws for minorities.

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The Civic Origins of Progressive Policy Change: Combating Violence against Women in Global Perspective, 1975–2005

S. Laurel Weldon, MALA HTUN (2012)

Over the past four decades, violence against women (VAW) has come to be seen as a violation of human rights and an important concern for social policy. Yet government action remains uneven. Some countries have adopted comprehensive policies to combat VAW, whereas others have been slow to address the problem. Using an original dataset of social movements and VAW policies in 70 countries over four decades, we show that feminist mobilization in civil society—not intra-legislative political phenomena such as leftist parties or women in government or economic factors like national wealth—accounts for variation in policy development. In addition, we demonstrate that autonomous movements produce an enduring impact on VAW policy through the institutionalization of feminist ideas in international norms. This study brings national and global civil society into large-n explanations of social policy, arguing that analysis of civil society in general—and of social movements in particular—is critical to understanding progressive social policy change.