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      Therapeutic Applications of Rose Hips from Different Rosa Species

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          Abstract

          Rosa species, rose hips, are widespread wild plants that have been traditionally used as medicinal compounds for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. The therapeutic potential of these plants is based on its antioxidant effects caused by or associated with its phytochemical composition, which includes ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and healthy fatty acids among others. Over the last few years, medicinal interest in rose hips has increased as a consequence of recent research that has studied its potential application as a treatment for several diseases including skin disorders, hepatotoxicity, renal disturbances, diarrhoea, inflammatory disorders, arthritis, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and cancer. In this review, the role of different species of Rosa in the prevention of treatment of various disorders related to oxidative stress, is examined, focusing on new therapeutic approaches from a molecular point of view.

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          Acute Kidney Injury.

          Anna Zuk, Joseph V. Bonventre (2016)
          Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health concern associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Other than dialysis, no therapeutic interventions reliably improve survival, limit injury, or speed recovery. Despite recognized shortcomings of in vivo animal models, the underlying pathophysiology of AKI and its consequence, chronic kidney disease (CKD), is rich with biological targets. We review recent findings relating to the renal vasculature and cellular stress responses, primarily the intersection of the unfolded protein response, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, and the innate immune response. Maladaptive repair mechanisms that persist following the acute phase promote inflammation and fibrosis in the chronic phase. Here macrophages, growth-arrested tubular epithelial cells, the endothelium, and surrounding pericytes are key players in the progression to chronic disease. Better understanding of these complex interacting pathophysiological mechanisms, their relative importance in humans, and the utility of biomarkers will lead to therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat AKI or impede progression to CKD or end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
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            Mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease.

            Michael H Yan, Xinglong Wang, Xiongwei Zhu (2013)
            Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) are the two most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases characterized by prominent neurodegeneration in selective neural systems. Although a small fraction of AD and PD cases exhibit evidence of heritability, among which many genes have been identified, the majority are sporadic without known causes. Molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration and pathogenesis of these diseases remain elusive. Convincing evidence demonstrates oxidative stress as a prominent feature in AD and PD and links oxidative stress to the development of neuronal death and neural dysfunction, which suggests a key pathogenic role for oxidative stress in both AD and PD. Notably, mitochondrial dysfunction is also a prominent feature in these diseases, which is likely to be of critical importance in the genesis and amplification of reactive oxygen species and the pathophysiology of these diseases. In this review, we focus on changes in mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial dynamics, two aspects critical to the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, in relationship with oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AD and PD. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              WHO Global report on diabetes: A summary

              Gojka Roglic (2016)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Lorenza Speranza: Role: Academic Editor
                José L. Quiles: Role: Academic Editor
                Sara Franceschelli: Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Mol Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Mol Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ijms
                Title: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1422-0067
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 May 2017
                Publication date Collection: June 2017
                Volume: 18
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1137
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain; ines.marmol9@ 123456gmail.com
                [2 ]Department of Physiological Sciences II, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08907, Spain; csanchezdg@ 123456gmail.com
                [3 ]Department of Applied Chemistry, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona 31006, Spain; nerea.jimenez@ 123456unavarra.es
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: ancin@ 123456unavarra.es (C.A.-A.); mjrodyol@ 123456unizar.es (M.J.R.-Y.); Tel.: +34-948-169-9596 (C.A.-A.); +34-976-761-649 (M.J.R.-Y.)
                Article
                Publisher ID: ijms-18-01137
                DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061137
                PMC ID: 5485961
                PubMed ID: 28587101
                SO-VID: 70d6a2af-592a-4bab-a32b-80ead424d4d5
                Copyright © © 2017 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 30 March 2017
                Date accepted : 18 May 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular biology
                Keywords: rose hip,oxidative stress,antioxidants,functional food,cancer,arthritis,diabetes,neural disorder,antimicrobial
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular biology
                Keywords: rose hip, oxidative stress, antioxidants, functional food, cancer, arthritis, diabetes, neural disorder, antimicrobial

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