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      Variabilidade genotípica de milho para acumulação de nitrogênio e contribuição da fixação biológica de nitrogênio Translated title: Genotypic variability of maize for nitrogen accumulation and contribution of biological nitrogen fixation

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          Abstract

          O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar nove genótipos de milho, com inoculação de uma mistura de bactérias diazotróficas, quanto ao acúmulo de biomassa e N, por meio da técnica de diluição isotópica do 15N. O experimento foi conduzido em um tanque de concreto de 120 m² e 60 cm de profundidade, preenchido com Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Os genótipos variaram quanto à produção de grãos, matéria seca total e acúmulo de N, mas não houve diferenças no enriquecimento de 15N, o que demonstra que a produção e o acúmulo de N foram conseqüência da variabilidade genotípica para extrair N do solo.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of this work was to compare nine genotypes of maize inoculated with a mixture of diazotrophic bacteria, and to quantify the contribution of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). In order to quantify the BNF, isotopic dilution technique was used, in a concrete tank loaded with Ultissol horizon B, labelled with 15N. Differences were observed between total dry matter, grain production and N accumulation but differences in the enrichment of 15N were not observed, showing that the productivity and N accumulation were a result of the phenotype variability in extract N from the soil.

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          Contribution of Nitrogen Fixation to Sugar Cane: Nitrogen-15 and Nitrogen-Balance Estimates

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            Responses of agronomically important crops to inoculation with Azospirillum

            This paper originates from an address at the 8th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Sydney, NSW, December 2000 Azospirilla are free-living rhizobacteria that are able to promote plant growth and increase yields in many crops of agronomic importance. It is assumed that the bacteria affect plant growth mainly by the production of plant growth promoting substances, which leads to an improvement in root development and an increase in the rate of water and mineral uptake. In the present review, we discuss the physiological responses of the plant roots to inoculation with Azospirillum, and report on field and greenhouse experiments carried out with these bacteria during 1994–2001 in Belgium, Uruguay, Mexico and Israel.
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              Enhanced maize productivity by inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria

              This paper originates from an address at the 8th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Sydney, NSW, December 2000 The objective of this work over the last 3 years was to identify maize–endophyte associations with increased plant productivity compared with uninoculated controls. We have used a collection of endophytes isolated by several groups. The experiments were done under field and greenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of added fixed nitrogen (N). Significant yield enhancements of N-fertilized maize were obtained with bacterial endophytes that we have isolated from N-efficient lines of maize (such as Klebsiella pneumoniae 342) or switchgrass (Pantoea agglomerans P101 and P102). Several other strains from other groups were also tested with our best yield enhancements from two Brazilian strains, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAl5 andHerbaspirillum seropedicae Z152. Field experiments in Wisconsin were conducted in 1998, 1999 and 2000 and in an additional four states (Illinois, Iowa, Indiana and Nebraska) in 2000, with a minimum of two elite lines of maize at each site, each year. No strains were capable of relieving the N-deficiency symptoms of unfertilized maize in either the field or the greenhouse.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pab
                Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
                Pesq. agropec. bras.
                Embrapa Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0100-204X
                1678-3921
                November 2006
                : 41
                : 11
                : 1681-1685
                Affiliations
                [01] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameAssessoria e Serviços a Projetos em Agricultura Alternativa aspta@ 123456aspta.org.br
                [02] Seropédica RJ orgnameEmbrapa Agrobiologia
                Article
                S0100-204X2006001100015 S0100-204X(06)04101115
                10.1590/S0100-204X2006001100015
                70ecc69f-ff14-4357-a76b-2606946c5310

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 September 2006
                : 27 October 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 14, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Notas Científicas

                gemoplasm,diazotrophic bacteria,Zea mays,Azospirillum,germoplasma,bactérias diazotróficas

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