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      Dinuclear Zinc (II) Complexes of Macrocyclic Polyamine Ligands Containing an Imidazolium Bridge: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Interaction with Plasmid DNA

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          Abstract

          Two novel macrocyclic polyamine ligands and their dinuclear zinc (II) complexes were synthesized and characterized. Their interaction with plasmid DNA was studied by gel electrophoresis and fluorescence quenching experiment. The result showed that these complexes could bind DNA efficiently under physiological conditions.

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          Most cited references37

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          Artificial metallonucleases

          The development of synthetic agents able to hydrolytically cleave DNA with high efficiency and selectivity is a fascinating challenge that will show the way to obtaining artificial nucleases able to compete with the natural enzymes. This Feature Article highlights the progress reported toward the realization of synthetic nucleases with particular attention to the strategies that can be pursued to improve efficiency and sequence selectivity.
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            Bioconjugated nanoparticles for DNA protection from cleavage.

            We have developed a novel method to protect DNA from cleavage using bioconjugated nanoparticles. Positively charged amino-modified silica nanoparticles have been directly prepared using water-in-oil microemulsion. Plasmid DNA can be easily enriched onto the positively charged nanoparticle surface, and the DNA strands are well protected from enzymatic cleavage. When incubated with nuclease enzyme for enzymatic cleavage, free plasmid DNA strands are completely cleaved, while those on the nanoparticle surfaces are intact. Our results clearly demonstrate unique properties of nanomaterials when combined with biomolecules. Our simple bionanotechnology will be highly useful in DNA separation, manipulation, and detection, and possibly in genetic engineering and gene therapy, as plasmid DNA can be protected in cellular environments without any change in its property.
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              Direct extraction of double-stranded DNA into ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and its quantification.

              Ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6), as a green solvent, was successfully used for the direct extraction of dsDNA. The extraction efficiency and the distribution coefficient values indicated that trace amounts of DNA at the levels of <5 ng microL-1 facilitate quantitative fast extraction, while proteins and metal species do not interfere. A total of 30% of the DNA in ionic liquid at approximately 20 ng microL-1 was back extracted into aqueous phase in phosphate-citrate buffer with a single-stage extraction. The extraction is demonstrated to be endothermic with an enthalpy of 34.3 kJ moL-1. The extraction mechanisms were proposed and verified by 31P NMR and FT-IR spectra. Interactions between cationic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (Bmim+) and P-O bonds of phosphate groups in the DNA strands take place both in the dissolved BmimPF6 in aqueous phase and at the interface of the two phases. This interaction consequently led to the transformation of DNA conformations, along with a reduction of ethidium resonance light scattering at 510 nm, and a procedure for DNA quantification in ionic liquid was developed based on this observation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Mol Sci
                Int J Mol Sci
                ijms
                International Journal of Molecular Sciences
                Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
                1422-0067
                July 2007
                04 July 2007
                : 8
                : 7
                : 606-617
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
                [2 ]Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
                [3 ]State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
                Author notes
                [* ]Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +86 28 85415886; E-mail: xqyu@ 123456tfol.com
                Article
                ijms-08-00606
                3716430
                71835100-46e5-4cfe-a63e-8e56f84aea29
                © 2007 by MDPI ( http://www.mdpi.org)

                Reproduction is permitted for noncommercial purposes.

                History
                : 06 March 2007
                : 06 June 2007
                : 14 June 2007
                Categories
                Full Research Paper

                Molecular biology
                imidazolium,dna protection,synthesis,zinc (ii) complexes,1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen)

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