Coping Strategies of Filipino Mothers of Children with Congenital Heart Disease in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines

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Abstract

Background and Objective

Mothers play a significant role as primary caregivers for children with congenital heart disease (CHD) within the family. Given the complex health needs of children with CHD, coping strategies are needed to deal with the challenges associated with caring for their children with the condition. Coping mechanisms encompass fostering resilience, seeking support, and maintaining a positive outlook to navigate stress, uncertainty, and obstacles throughout their child's medical journey with CHD. The objective of this study is to explore the coping strategies employed by mothers of children diagnosed with CHD in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines.

Methods

Employing a descriptive qualitative study design, data was gathered through key informant interviews utilizing a semi-structured topic guide, which aimed to explore the perspectives and experiences of mothers with children with CHDs. Ethical approval was obtained, and data collection occurred from January to March 2016. Interview transcripts were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and underwent content analysis. Themes derived from the analysis were then validated and confirmed by the study participants.

Results

A total of 11 mothers voluntarily participated in the study. These participants expressed utilizing various coping strategies to manage their child's condition, including seeking assistance from both physicians and traditional healers, advocating for their children, receiving support from their family and friends, regulation of emotion, and prayer and faith in God.

Conclusion

This study sheds light on the coping mechanisms used by mothers in raising thier children with CHD, highlighting the value of spirituality and psychological support in their journey. Enhancing assistance for impacted families and advancing genetic counseling services are two benefits of incorporating these findings into healthcare practice.

Related collections

Most cited references 50

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Whatever happened to qualitative description?

Margarete Sandelowski (2000)

The general view of descriptive research as a lower level form of inquiry has influenced some researchers conducting qualitative research to claim methods they are really not using and not to claim the method they are using: namely, qualitative description. Qualitative descriptive studies have as their goal a comprehensive summary of events in the everyday terms of those events. Researchers conducting qualitative descriptive studies stay close to their data and to the surface of words and events. Qualitative descriptive designs typically are an eclectic but reasonable combination of sampling, and data collection, analysis, and re-presentation techniques. Qualitative descriptive study is the method of choice when straight descriptions of phenomena are desired. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons,

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Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling

İlker Etikan (2016)

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Is Open Access

Global birth prevalence of congenital heart defects 1970–2017: updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 260 studies

Yingjuan Liu, Sen Chen, Liesl Joanna Zuhlke … (2019)

Abstract Background Globally, access to healthcare and diagnostic technologies are known to substantially impact the reported birth prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD). Previous studies have shown marked heterogeneity between different regions, with a suggestion that CHD prevalence is rising globally, but the degree to which this reflects differences due to environmental or genetic risk factors, as opposed to improved detection, is uncertain. We performed an updated systematic review to address these issues. Methods Studies reporting the birth prevalence of CHD between the years 1970–2017 were identified from searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Data on the prevalence of total CHD and 27 anatomical subtypes of CHD were collected. Data were combined using random-effect models. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted, focused on geographical regions and levels of national income. Results Two hundred and sixty studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 130 758 851 live births. The birth prevalence of CHD from 1970–2017 progressively increased to a maximum in the period 2010–17 of 9.410/1000 [95% CI (confidence interval) 8.602–10.253]. This represented a significant increase over the fifteen prior years (P = 0.031). The change in prevalence of mild CHD lesions (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus) together explained 93.4% of the increased overall prevalence, consistent with a major role of improved postnatal detection of less severe lesions. In contrast the prevalence of lesions grouped together as left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (which includes hypoplastic left heart syndrome) decreased from 0.689/1000 (95% CI 0.607–0.776) in 1995–99, to 0.475/1000 (95% CI 0.392–0.565; P = 0.004) in 2010–17, which would be consistent with improved prenatal detection and consequent termination of pregnancy when these very severe lesions are discovered. There was marked heterogeneity among geographical regions, with Africa reporting the lowest prevalence [2.315/1000 (95% CI 0.429–5.696)] and Asia the highest [9.342/1000 (95% CI 8.072–10.704)]. Conclusions The reported prevalence of CHD globally continues to increase, with evidence of severe unmet diagnostic need in Africa. The recent prevalence of CHD in Asia for the first time appears higher than in Europe and America, where disease ascertainment is likely to be near-complete, suggesting higher genetic or environmental susceptibility to CHD among Asian people.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Acta Med Philipp

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Acta Med Philipp

Journal ID (publisher-id): AMP

Title: Acta Medica Philippina

Publisher: University of the Philippines Manila

ISSN (Print): 0001-6071

ISSN (Electronic): 2094-9278

Publication date (Electronic): 31 January 2025

Publication date Collection: 2025

Volume: 59

Issue: 2

Pages: 41-49

Affiliations

[1 ]College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines

[2 ]College of Health Sciences, Ifugao State University-Lamut Campus, Nayon, Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines

[3 ]Institute of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines

[4 ]Luke Foundation Inc., Baguio City, Philippines

[5 ]Localized Peace Engagements Office - Office of the Presidential Adviser on Peace, Reconciliation and Unity (OPAPRU), Pasig City, Philippines

Author notes

Corresponding author: Ma-Am Joy Realce Tumulak, MD, MSc, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, 547 Pedro Gil St., Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines. Email: mrtumulak@ 123456up.edu.ph . ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-1523

Article

Publisher ID: AMP-59-2-9043

DOI: 10.47895/amp.vi0.9043

PMC ID: 11831087

SO-VID: 719cb2e4-76b8-458e-9438-2b2460adcef7

License:

Articles are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

History

Funding

Funded by: Funding Source The study was funded by the Department of Science and Technology-Accelerated Science and Technology Human Resource Development Program (DOST-ASTHRDP); .