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      Evaluación del germoplasma de Ilex paraguariensis e Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae) Translated title: Ilex paraguariensis and Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae) germplasm evaluation

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          Abstract

          Ilex paraguariensis e I. dumosa constituyen dos especies de gran relevancia económica para nuestro país. Estas comparten muchas características de su biología, aunque se diferencian en composición fitoquímica y resistencia a factores bióticos y abióticos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la estructura de la diversidad genética de plantas mantenidas en el Banco de Germoplasma de Yerba Mate y Té de la Estación Experimental del INTA en Cerro Azul (Misiones) y de materiales comerciales de yerba mate, mediante el re-análisis de datos AFLP, así como caracterizar las secuencias nucleotídicas de bandas potencialmente diagnósticas de especie. En I. dumosa se detectó, respecto de I. paraguariensis, un nivel de variación molecular dos veces mayor, aunque una menor proporción de bandas privadas. Las secuencias caracterizadas con herramientas bioinformáticas resultan ser nuevas regiones genómicas descriptas para Ilex. Los resultados indican que los materiales estudiados de I. dumosa constituyen un reservorio de variabilidad genética apropiado para el fitomejoramiento de materiales de yerba mate potencialmente comerciales. Asimismo, nuestros resultados apoyan la renovación de estrategias de conservación tendientes a ampliar el acervo genético almacenado, particularmente de yerba mate.

          Translated abstract

          Ilex paraguariensis and I. dumosa are species with great economic relevance in Argentina. Both species share several features of their biology, though they differ in phytochemical composition and in their resistance to biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the structure of the genetic diversity of the plants kept at the Germplasm Bank of Yerba Mate (EEINTACA) and also of commercial materials of yerba mate, through a re-analysis of AFLP data and a characterization of the nucleotide sequences of selected AFLP bands. For I. dumosa we have detected a molecular variation level two times higher than the value obtained for I. paraguariensis and a lower number of diagnostic bands in respect to the latter species. Reported nucleotide sequences, characterized using bioinformatic tools, are new sequences for the genus Ilex. Our results suggest that specimens of I. dumosa studied herein represent an interesting reservoir of genetic variability, highly adequate for improvement of yerba mate lines. Moreover, our results support the reinforcement of conservation strategies aiming at the expansion of the I. paraguariensis genetic pool deposited in the Germplasm Bank.

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          Fitogeografía de la República Argentina

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            Cleavage of parallel-stranded DNA duplex by peplomycin metal complexes.

            Peplomycin-mediated degradation of parallel-stranded (ps) duplex was investigated. It was found that Co- and Fe-peplomycins degraded ps DNA duplex by 4'-hydrogen abstraction at 5'-GPy (pyrimidine) site in a similar manner to that of antiparallel B-DNA. While the orientation of two strands of ps and B-form DNA duplexes are reversed, peplomycin metal complex can bind to ps DNA duplex to cause oxidative DNA damage. These results indicate that peplomycin metal complex mainly interacts with one strand which is damaged.
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              Epigenetic aspects of somaclonal variation in plants.

              Somaclonal variation is manifested as cytological abnormalities, frequent qualitative and quantitative phenotypic mutation, sequence change, and gene activation and silencing. Activation of quiescent transposable elements and retrotransposons indicate that epigenetic changes occur through the culture process. Epigenetic activation of DNA elements further suggests that epigenetic changes may also be involved in cytogenetic instability through modification of heterochromatin, and as a basis of phenotypic variation through the modulation of gene function. The observation that DNA methylation patterns are highly variable among regenerated plants and their progeny provides evidence that DNA modifications are less stable in culture than in seed-grown plants. Future research will determine the relative importance of epigenetic versus sequence or chromosome variation in conditioning somaclonal variation in plants.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bsab
                Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica
                Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.
                Sociedad Argentina de Botánica (Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina )
                1851-2372
                June 2011
                : 46
                : 1-2
                : 113-123
                Affiliations
                [01] Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales orgdiv2Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución Argentina
                [02] orgnameIQUIMEFA - Universidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica orgdiv2Museo de Farmacobotánica
                [03] Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires orgnameConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Argentina
                Article
                S1851-23722011000100008
                71b92af3-2094-4b72-a277-6bab47c1133d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 May 2011
                : 21 December 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Genetic differentiation,Yerba mate,Yerba señorita,Germoplasma,Diferenciación genética,AFLP,Germplasm,Ilex paraguariensis,Ilex dumosa

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