Efecto de la Inteligencia Emocional y Flujo en el Trabajo Sobre Estresores y Bienestar Psicológico: Análisis de Ruta en Docentes

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Abstract

Se realizó un estudio explicativo y transversal sobre una muestra de 199 docentes universitarios de Venezuela, con el fin de confirmar el valor de la inteligencia emocional y la disposición a fluir en el trabajo como factores de protección personal ante las diferentes fuentes de estrés laboral y como promotores del bienestar psicológico. Los resultados se analizaron, a partir de dos análisis de ruta con la estrategia de modelos rivales, e indicaron que efectivamente ambas variables poseen un efecto de protección sobre algunas fuentes de estrés laboral y de promoción del bienestar psicológico. Eso coincide con lo estipulado teóricamente por el modelo PERMA, del cual surgieron las hipótesis.

Translated abstract

An explanatory, cross-cutting study was carried out in a sample of 199 university professors in Venezuela, in order to confirm the value of emotional intelligence and immersion in work as personal protection factors against the different sources of workplace stress and as promoters of psychological wellbeing. The results, which were analyzed on the basis of two path analyses using the rival models strategy, showed that, in fact, both variables protect against some sources of workplace stress and promote psychological wellbeing. This coincides with the theoretical stipulations of the PERMA model, which gave rise to the hypotheses.

Translated abstract

Realizou-se um estudo explicativo e transversal sobre uma amostra de 199 docentes universitários da Venezuela, a fim de confirmar o valor da inteligência emocional e a disposição a fluir no trabalho como fatores de proteção pessoal ante as diferentes fontes de estresse laboral e como promotores do bem-estar psicológico. Os resultados foram analisados a partir de duas análises de rota com a estratégia de modelos rivais, e indicaram que efetivamente ambas as variáveis possuem um efeito de proteção sobre algumas fontes de estresse laboral e de promoção do bem-estar psicológico. Isso coincide com o estipulado teoricamente pelo modelo PERMA, do qual surgiram as hipóteses.

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High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being.

D Kahneman, A. Deaton (2010)

Recent research has begun to distinguish two aspects of subjective well-being. Emotional well-being refers to the emotional quality of an individual's everyday experience--the frequency and intensity of experiences of joy, stress, sadness, anger, and affection that make one's life pleasant or unpleasant. Life evaluation refers to the thoughts that people have about their life when they think about it. We raise the question of whether money buys happiness, separately for these two aspects of well-being. We report an analysis of more than 450,000 responses to the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, a daily survey of 1,000 US residents conducted by the Gallup Organization. We find that emotional well-being (measured by questions about emotional experiences yesterday) and life evaluation (measured by Cantril's Self-Anchoring Scale) have different correlates. Income and education are more closely related to life evaluation, but health, care giving, loneliness, and smoking are relatively stronger predictors of daily emotions. When plotted against log income, life evaluation rises steadily. Emotional well-being also rises with log income, but there is no further progress beyond an annual income of ~$75,000. Low income exacerbates the emotional pain associated with such misfortunes as divorce, ill health, and being alone. We conclude that high income buys life satisfaction but not happiness, and that low income is associated both with low life evaluation and low emotional well-being.