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      Progress in Natural Compounds/siRNA Co-delivery Employing Nanovehicles for Cancer Therapy

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          Abstract

          Chemotherapy using natural compounds, such as resveratrol, curcumin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, etoposide, doxorubicin, and camptothecin, is of importance in cancer therapy because of the outstanding therapeutic activity and multitargeting capability of these compounds. However, poor solubility and bioavailability of natural compounds have limited their efficacy in cancer therapy. To circumvent this hurdle, nanocarriers have been designed to improve the antitumor activity of the aforementioned compounds. Nevertheless, cancer treatment is still a challenge, demanding novel strategies. It is well-known that a combination of natural products and gene therapy is advantageous over monotherapy. Delivery of multiple therapeutic agents/small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a potent gene-editing tool in cancer therapy can maximize the synergistic effects against tumor cells. In the present review, co-delivery of natural compounds/siRNA using nanovehicles are highlighted to provide a backdrop for future research.

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          PEGylated nanographene oxide for delivery of water-insoluble cancer drugs.

          It is known that many potent, often aromatic drugs are water insoluble, which has hampered their use for disease treatment. In this work, we functionalized nanographene oxide (NGO), a novel graphitic material, with branched polyethylene glycol (PEG) to obtain a biocompatible NGO-PEG conjugate stable in various biological solutions, and used them for attaching hydrophobic aromatic molecules including a camptothecin (CPT) analogue, SN38, noncovalently via pi-pi stacking. The resulting NGO-PEG-SN38 complex exhibited excellent water solubility while maintaining its high cancer cell killing potency similar to that of the free SN38 molecules in organic solvents. The efficacy of NGO-PEG-SN38 was far higher than that of irinotecan (CPT-11), a FDA-approved water soluble SN38 prodrug used for the treatment of colon cancer. Our results showed that graphene is a novel class of material promising for biological applications including future in vivo cancer treatment with various aromatic, low-solubility drugs.
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            Nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy.

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              Calcium signalling: dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling.

              Ca2+ is a highly versatile intracellular signal that operates over a wide temporal range to regulate many different cellular processes. An extensive Ca2+-signalling toolkit is used to assemble signalling systems with very different spatial and temporal dynamics. Rapid highly localized Ca2+ spikes regulate fast responses, whereas slower responses are controlled by repetitive global Ca2+ transients or intracellular Ca2+ waves. Ca2+ has a direct role in controlling the expression patterns of its signalling systems that are constantly being remodelled in both health and disease.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ACS Comb Sci
                ACS Comb Sci
                co
                acsccc
                ACS Combinatorial Science
                American Chemical Society
                2156-8952
                2156-8944
                23 October 2020
                14 December 2020
                : 22
                : 12
                : 669-700
                Affiliations
                []Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University , Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
                []Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) , Tuzla 34956, Istanbul Turkey
                [§ ]Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran , Tehran 1419963114, Iran
                []Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran , Tehran, Iran
                []Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
                [# ]Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran 1435916471, Iran
                []Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Azad University , Tehran 19168931813, Iran
                []Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran 1449614525, Iran
                []Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman 7616911319, Iran
                []Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
                []Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
                []College of Graduate Studies, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
                []Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics , viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa Italy
                []Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , 14496-14535 Tehran, Iran
                Author notes
                Article
                10.1021/acscombsci.0c00099
                8015217
                33095554
                72003ee4-a415-4665-8b88-56a7e22796aa
                © 2020 American Chemical Society

                Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 21 May 2020
                : 05 October 2020
                Categories
                Review
                Custom metadata
                co0c00099
                co0c00099

                Biochemistry
                anticancer therapy,chemotherapy,co-delivery platforms,nanocarriers,natural products,small interfering rna

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