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      Chronic cannabinoid exposure produces lasting memory impairment and increased anxiety in adolescent but not adult rats

      1 , 1 , 2 , 1
      Journal of Psychopharmacology
      SAGE Publications

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          Most cited references25

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          Gonadal steroid induction of structural sex differences in the central nervous system.

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            Specific attentional dysfunction in adults following early start of cannabis use.

            The present study tested the hypothesis that chronic interference by cannabis with endogenous cannabinoid systems during peripubertal development causes specific and persistent brain alterations in humans. As an index of cannabinoid action, visual scanning, along with other attentional functions, was chosen. Visual scanning undergoes a major maturation process around age 12-15 years and, in addition, the visual system is known to react specifically and sensitively to cannabinoids. From 250 individuals consuming cannabis regularly, 99 healthy pure cannabis users were selected. They were free of any other past or present drug abuse, or history of neuropsychiatric disease. After an interview, physical examination, analysis of routine laboratory parameters, plasma/urine analyses for drugs, and MMPI testing, users and respective controls were subjected to a computer-assisted attention test battery comprising visual scanning, alertness, divided attention, flexibility, and working memory. Of the potential predictors of test performance within the user group, including present age, age of onset of cannabis use, degree of acute intoxication (THC+THCOH plasma levels), and cumulative toxicity (estimated total life dose), an early age of onset turned out to be the only predictor, predicting impaired reaction times exclusively in visual scanning. Early-onset users (onset before age 16; n = 48) showed a significant impairment in reaction times in this function, whereas late-onset users (onset after age 16; n = 51) did not differ from controls (n = 49). These data suggest that beginning cannabis use during early adolescence may lead to enduring effects on specific attentional functions in adulthood. Apparently, vulnerable periods during brain development exist that are subject to persistent alterations by interfering exogenous cannabinoids.
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              Cannabis use and mental health in young people: cohort study

              G. Patton (2002)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Psychopharmacology
                J Psychopharmacol
                SAGE Publications
                0269-8811
                1461-7285
                July 2016
                December 2004
                July 2016
                December 2004
                : 18
                : 4
                : 502-508
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
                [2 ]School of Psychology, Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia.
                Article
                10.1177/026988110401800407
                15582916
                72255c78-7f5d-4b45-95b8-ed8435afc9d5
                © 2004

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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