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      Family Health Strategy professionals' view on the effects of Hansen's disease training Translated title: A visão de profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família sobre os efeitos do treinamento de hanseníase Translated title: La visión de los profesionales de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia acerca de los efectos del entrenamiento de hanseniasis

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVEEvaluating how professionals of family health teams from three municipalities of Pernambuco perceive and interpret the effects of Hansen's disease training.METHODSA qualitative study using the perspective of Habermas. Six focus groups, totaling 33 nurses and 22 doctors were formed. The guide consisted of: reactions to training, learning, transfer of knowledge and organizational results.RESULTSThere were recurrent positive opinions on instructor performance, course materials, and an alert attitude to the occurrence of cases; the negative points were about lack of practical teaching, a lot of information in a short period of time and little emphasis on basic content. Low perceived self-efficacy and low locus of control, ambiguity, conflict of skills and the lack of support for the learning application. Nurses showed greater dissatisfaction with the organizational support.CONCLUSIONThe low effectiveness of training reveals the need to negotiate structured training from work problematization, considering performance conditions.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVOAvaliar como os profissionais das equipes de saúde da família de três municípios de Pernambuco percebem e interpretam os efeitos do treinamento de hanseníase.MÉTODOEstudo qualitativo que utiliza perspectiva habermasiana. Formalizaram-se seis grupos focais, perfazendo 33 enfermeiras e 22 médicos. Constaram do roteiro: reações ao treinamento, aprendizagem, transferência de aprendizagem e resultados organizacionais.RESULTADOSForam recorrentes as opiniões positivas sobre o desempenho do instrutor, o material didático, a atitude de alerta à ocorrência de casos, negativas sobre falta de ensino prático, muita informação em curto tempo e pouca ênfase em conteúdos básicos. Perceberam baixa autoeficácia e baixo locus de controle, ambiguidade, conflito de competências e a falta de suporte à aplicação do aprendido. As enfermeiras mostraram maior insatisfação com o suporte organizacional.CONCLUSÃOA baixa efetividade do treinamento revela a necessidade de negociar a capacitação a partir da problematização do trabalho, considerando as condições para o desempenho.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVOEvaluar cómo los profesionales de los equipos de salud de la familia de tres municipios de Pernambuco perciben e interpretan los efectos del entrenamiento de hanseniasis.MÉTODOEstudio cualitativo que utiliza la perspectiva habermasiana. Se formalizaron seis grupos focales, totalizando 33 enfermeras y 22 médicos. Figuraron en el guión: reacciones al entrenamiento, aprendizaje, transferencia de aprendizaje y resultados organizativos.RESULTADOSFueron recurrentes las opiniones positivas acerca del desempeño del instructor, el material didáctico, la actitud de alerta a la ocurrencia de casos, negativas sobre falta de enseñanza práctica, mucha información a corto plazo y poca énfasis a los contenidos básicos. Notaron baja autoeficacia y bajo locus de control, ambigüedad, conflicto de competencias y la falta de soporte a la aplicación de lo aprendido. Las enfermeras mostraron mayor insatisfacción con el soporte organizativo.CONCLUSIÓNLa baja efectividad del entrenamiento revela la necesidad de negociar la capacitación desde la problematización del trabajo, considerando las condiciones para el desempeño.

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          Política nacional de atenção básica

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            Does community health care require different competencies from physicians and nurses?

            Background Recently competency approach in Health Professionals’ Education (HPE) has become quite popular and for an effective competency based HPE, it is important to design the curriculum around the health care needs of the population to be served and on the expected roles of the health care providers. Unfortunately, in community settings roles of health providers tend to be described less clearly, particularly at the Primary Health Care (PHC) level where a multidisciplinary and appropriately prepared health team is generally lacking. Moreover, to tailor the education on community needs there is no substantial evidence on what specific requirements the providers must be prepared for. Methods This study has explored specific tasks of physicians and nurses employed to work in primary or secondary health care units in a context where there is a structural scarcity of community health care providers. In-depth Interviews of 11 physicians and 06 nurses working in community settings of Pakistan were conducted along with review of their job descriptions. Results At all levels of health settings, physicians’ were mostly engaged with diagnosing and prescribing medical illness of patients coming to health center and nurses depending on their employer were either providing preventive health care activities, assisting physicians or occupied in day to day management of health center. Geographical location or level of health facility did not have major effect on the roles being expected or performed, however the factors that determined the roles performed by health providers were employer expectations, preparation of health providers for providing community based care, role clarity and availability of resources including health team at health facilities. Conclusions Exploration of specific tasks of physicians and nurses working in community settings provide a useful framework to map competencies, and can help educators revisit the curricula and instructional designs accordingly. Furthermore, in community settings there are many synergies between the roles of physicians and nurses which could be simulated as learning activities; at the same time these two groups of health providers offer distinct sets of services, which must be harnessed to build effective, non-hierarchal, collaborative health teams.
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              Self-Efficacy as a Positive Youth Development Construct: A Conceptual Review

              Self-efficacy denotes people's beliefs about their ability to perform in different situations. It functions as a multilevel and multifaceted set of beliefs that influence how people feel, think, motivate themselves, and behave during various tasks. Self-efficacy beliefs are informed by enactive attainment, vicarious experience, imaginal experiences, and social persuasion as well as physical and emotional states. These beliefs are mediated by cognitive, motivational, affective, and selection processes to generate actual performance. Self-efficacy development is closely intertwined with a person's experiences, competencies, and developmental tasks in different domains at different stages in life. This paper reviews the literature to outline the definition and theoretical conceptualizations of the construct originally devised by Bandura that have flourished since the 1990s. Drawing from the studies of the construct to assess self-efficacy, and to inform positive youth development, the paper will present the determinants of the development of self-efficacy beliefs and identify the connection between self-efficacy and adolescent developmental outcomes. The paper will conclude with strategies to enhance youth self-efficacy and proposals for future research directions.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                reeusp
                Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP
                Rev. esc. enferm. USP
                Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem (São Paulo )
                1980-220X
                August 2015
                : 49
                : 4
                : 0610-0618
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira Brazil
                [2 ] Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Brazil
                Article
                S0080-62342015000400610
                10.1590/S0080-623420150000400011
                26353098
                731e0ede-b6ed-4d5b-a820-eb1389cf10e8

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0080-6234&lng=en
                Categories
                NURSING

                Nursing
                Leprosy,Patient Care Team,Family Health Strategy,Training,Effectiveness,Health Evaluation,Hanseníase,Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente,Estratégia Saúde da Família,Capacitação,Efetividade,Avaliação em Saúde,Lepra,Grupo de Atención al Paciente,Estrategia de Salud Familiar,Capacitación,Efectividad,Evaluación en Salud

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