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      Phyllotaxis involves auxin drainage through leaf primordia.

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          Abstract

          The spatial arrangement of leaves and flowers around the stem, known as phyllotaxis, is controlled by an auxin-dependent reiterative mechanism that leads to regular spacing of the organs and thereby to remarkably precise phyllotactic patterns. The mechanism is based on the active cellular transport of the phytohormone auxin by cellular influx and efflux carriers, such as AUX1 and PIN1. Their important role in phyllotaxis is evident from mutant phenotypes, but their exact roles in space and time are difficult to address due to the strong pleiotropic phenotypes of most mutants in phyllotaxis. Models of phyllotaxis invoke the accumulation of auxin at leaf initials and removal of auxin through their developing vascular strand, the midvein. We have developed a precise microsurgical tool to ablate the midvein at high spatial and temporal resolution in order to test its function in leaf formation and phyllotaxis. Using amplified femtosecond laser pulses, we ablated the internal tissues in young leaf primordia of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) without damaging the overlying L1 and L2 layers. Our results show that ablation of the future midvein leads to a transient accumulation of auxin in the primordia and to an increase in their width. Phyllotaxis was transiently affected after midvein ablations, but readjusted after two plastochrons. These results indicate that the developing midvein is involved in the basipetal transport of auxin through young primordia, which contributes to phyllotactic spacing and stability.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Development
          Development (Cambridge, England)
          The Company of Biologists
          1477-9129
          0950-1991
          Jun 01 2015
          : 142
          : 11
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Institute of Plant Science, University of Bern, Bern 3013, Switzerland.
          [2 ] Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland.
          [3 ] Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland didier.reinhardt@unifr.ch.
          Article
          dev.121244
          10.1242/dev.121244
          25953346
          736a9dcc-dc41-4512-908e-bd4bb5f1a9d3
          History

          Auxin,Laser ablation,Meristem,PIN1,Patterning,Phyllotaxis,Tomato
          Auxin, Laser ablation, Meristem, PIN1, Patterning, Phyllotaxis, Tomato

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