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      Neurocysticercosis in Pregnancy

      case-report
      Author(s): , MD 1 , , MD 2 , , MD 2 , , MD 1
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: AJP Reports
      Publisher: Thieme Medical Publishers
      Keywords: neurocysticercosis, Taenia solium, pregnancy

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          Abstract

          The normal physiologic changes during pregnancy contribute to nutritional, metabolic, and immunologic adjustments, which can have an impact on the presentation of several diseases. New onset seizures during pregnancy and the postpartum can be attributed to several etiologies. Patient demographic data as well as personal and social histories are key in determining the etiology of new onset seizures. Neurocysticercosis (NCC), a commonly overlooked etiology, must be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with new onset seizures coming from NCC endemic areas. The diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical findings, exposure history, imaging, and serology. We present two cases of patients with NCC that became symptomatic during pregnancy or postpartum period. We will review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management of NCC in pregnancy.

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          Eclampsia in the United Kingdom.

          K A Douglas, C. W. Redman (1994)
          To measure the incidence of eclampsia, establish how often it is preceded by signs of pre-eclampsia, document the morbidity associated with eclampsia, and determine the maternal case fatality rates. A prospective, descriptive study of every case of eclampsia in the United Kingdom in 1992. Information was collected from reviews of hospital case notes and questionnaires to general practitioners. All 279 hospitals in the United Kingdom with a consultant obstetric unit. Obstetricians and midwives notified 582 possible cases, and 383 were confirmed as eclampsia. The national incidence of eclampsia was 4.9/10,000 maternities (95% confidence interval 4.5 to 5.4). Most convulsions occurred despite antenatal care (70%) and within one week of the woman's last visit to a doctor or midwife (85%). Three quarters of first seizures occurred in hospital, of which 38% developed before both proteinuria and hypertension had been documented. Forty four per cent of cases occurred postpartum, more than a third (38%) antepartum, and the remainder (18%) intrapartum. Nearly one in 50 women (1.8%) died, and 35% of all women had at least one major complication. The rate of stillbirths and neonatal deaths was 22.2/1000 and 34.1/1000, respectively. Preterm eclampsia occurred more commonly antepartum and was associated with more maternal complications and fetuses that were small for gestational age, as well as with higher rates of stillbirth and neonatal mortality. Antepartum eclampsia, which was more likely to occur preterm, was associated with a higher rate of maternal complications and a higher neonatal mortality. Both factors (gestational prematurity and antepartum occurrence) contributed independently to the severity of the outcome. Eclampsia occurs in nearly one in 2000 maternities in the United Kingdom and is associated with high maternal morbidity and fatality in cases. It may present unheralded by warning signs. Preterm and antenatal eclampsia seem to be particularly severe.
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            Revised diagnostic criteria for neurocysticercosis.

            V Rajshekhar, O H del Brutto, T E Nash … (2017)
            A unified set of criteria for neurocysticercosis (NCC) has helped to standardize its diagnosis in different settings.
            Article 0 comments Cited 84 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Maternal Immunization.

              Dan L Longo, Saad B Omer (2017)
              Article 0 comments Cited 62 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): AJP Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): AJP Rep
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1055/s-00000169
                Title: AJP Reports
                Publisher: Thieme Medical Publishers (333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. )
                ISSN (Print): 2157-6998
                ISSN (Electronic): 2157-7005
                Publication date (Print): April 2018
                Publication date (Electronic): 09 April 2018
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 2
                Pages: e51-e56
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
                [2 ]Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence Camille Webb, MD Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine of University of Texas Medical Branch 3111 Avenue Q., Galveston, TX 77555-0435 cmwebbca@ 123456utmb.edu
                Article
                Publisher ID: 170043
                DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1639615
                PMC ID: 5891319
                PubMed ID: 29637011
                SO-VID: 737dc332-7652-4fd6-8fc9-e3df89659a8a
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License, which permits unrestricted reproduction and distribution, for non-commercial purposes only; and use and reproduction, but not distribution, of adapted material for non-commercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 14 June 2017
                Date accepted : 13 February 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                Keywords: neurocysticercosis,taenia solium,pregnancy
                Data availability:
                Keywords: neurocysticercosis, taenia solium, pregnancy

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