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      Forensic genealogy, bioethics and the Golden State Killer case

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          Abstract

          A case study will be used to examine specific issues of bioethics and forensic science that occur in forensic investigative genealogical searching, which include genetic privacy, discrimination and public safety concerns. The forensic investigative process and various investigative DNA tools will also be described. The Golden State Killer Case (1) will be examined to highlight and discuss forensic ethical issues to develop an ethical framework, as well as provide recommended solutions to pressing public safety and privacy issues facing crime laboratories and criminal investigators. Use of the ethical concept of proportionality (2) will be utilized to contrast and balance competing ethical concerns.

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          Most cited references42

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          Identifying personal genomes by surname inference.

          Sharing sequencing data sets without identifiers has become a common practice in genomics. Here, we report that surnames can be recovered from personal genomes by profiling short tandem repeats on the Y chromosome (Y-STRs) and querying recreational genetic genealogy databases. We show that a combination of a surname with other types of metadata, such as age and state, can be used to triangulate the identity of the target. A key feature of this technique is that it entirely relies on free, publicly accessible Internet resources. We quantitatively analyze the probability of identification for U.S. males. We further demonstrate the feasibility of this technique by tracing back with high probability the identities of multiple participants in public sequencing projects.
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            Individual-specific ‘fingerprints’ of human DNA

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              Specific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: the polymerase chain reaction.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Forensic Sci Int
                Forensic Sci Int
                Forensic Science International: Synergy
                Elsevier
                2589-871X
                12 July 2019
                2019
                12 July 2019
                : 1
                : 114-125
                Affiliations
                [1]Laboratory System Director, New York State Police Crime Laboratory System, 1220 Washington Ave, Building 30, Albany, NY, 12226-3000, USA
                Article
                S2589-871X(19)30134-2
                10.1016/j.fsisyn.2019.07.003
                7219171
                32411963
                74467535-4a88-4b75-8bad-2717e0ef84bf
                © 2019 The Author(s)

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 18 April 2019
                : 5 July 2019
                : 5 July 2019
                Categories
                Interdisciplinary Forensics

                Forensic science
                forensic science,forensic ethics,bioethics,genealogy,forensic genealogy,investigative genealogy,genealogical searching,familial searching,partial matching,phenotyping,ethnicity,ancestry,forensic dna,proportionality

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