Psychosocial interventions and mental health in patients with cardiovascular diseases living in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review protocol

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Abstract

Objective

The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on mental health outcomes in adult patients with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Introduction

Mental health issues are highly prevalent among patients with CVDs leading to poor disease prognosis, self-care/ management, and Quality of Life (QOL). In the context of LMICs, where the disease burden and treatment gap are high and resources are inadequate for accessing essential care, effective psychosocial interventions can make significant contributions for improving mental health and reducing mental health problems among patients who live with cardiovascular diseases.

Inclusion criteria

This review will include studies published between 2010 and 2021 that evaluated the effect of psychosocial interventions on mental health outcomes (resilience, self-efficacy, QOL, depression and anxiety) on adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with any cardiovascular diseases using experimental and quasi experimental designs.

Methods

The search will be conducted from the following databases: MEDLINE via OVID (1946—Present), EMBASE via OVID (1974 –Present), Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) via EBSCOhost (1936—Present), PsycINFO via OVID (1806—Present), Scopus via Elsevier (1976—Present), and Cochrane Library via Wiley (1992—Present). Data will be critically appraised using standard tools and extracted by two reviewers and disagreement will be solved by the third reviewer. Meta-analysis will be performed, if possible, otherwise, data will be synthesized in narrative and tabular forms.

Discussion

The findings of this review will provide a key insight into contextually relevant psychosocial interventions for promoting mental health of patients with CVDs living in LMICs. The review findings will be potentially useful for health care providers and researchers to implement such interventions not only for reducing the burden of mental health issues but also for improving the overall well-being among patients with chronic illnesses.

Systematic review registration number

Prospero- CRD42020200773.

Related collections

Most cited references 31

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Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement

David Moher, Larissa Shamseer, Mike Clarke … (2017)

Systematic reviews should build on a protocol that describes the rationale, hypothesis, and planned methods of the review; few reviews report whether a protocol exists. Detailed, well-described protocols can facilitate the understanding and appraisal of the review methods, as well as the detection of modifications to methods and selective reporting in completed reviews. We describe the development of a reporting guideline, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). PRISMA-P consists of a 17-item checklist intended to facilitate the preparation and reporting of a robust protocol for the systematic review. Funders and those commissioning reviews might consider mandating the use of the checklist to facilitate the submission of relevant protocol information in funding applications. Similarly, peer reviewers and editors can use the guidance to gauge the completeness and transparency of a systematic review protocol submitted for publication in a journal or other medium.

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GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations.

Gordon H Guyatt, Andrew D Oxman, Gunn E Vist … (2008)

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Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019

Gregory A Roth, George A Mensah, Catherine O. Johnson … (2022)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Saima Hirani:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-3039

Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Ambreen Gowani: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Sehrish Sajjad:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3889-0507

Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Megan Kennedy: Role: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Colleen M. Norris: Role: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing

Ai Theng Cheong: Role: Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS One

Journal ID (publisher-id): plos

Title: PLoS ONE

Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )

ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203

Publication date (Electronic): 28 July 2022

Publication date Collection: 2022

Volume: 17

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: e0271955

Affiliations

[1 ] School of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

[2 ] School of Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

[3 ] Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

[4 ] Faculty of Nursing, Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Universiti Putra Malaysia, MALAYSIA

Author notes

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

* E-mail: saima.hirani@ 123456ubc.ca

Author information

Saima Hirani https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-3039

Sehrish Sajjad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3889-0507

Article

Publisher ID: PONE-D-21-22081

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271955

PMC ID: 9333280

PubMed ID: 35901048

SO-VID: 745b3d08-274f-4884-a920-72c579a8d020

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 7 July 2021

Date accepted : 6 July 2022

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Pages: 10

Funding

Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005277, school of nursing, university of british columbia;

Award Recipient :

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-3039

Saima Hirani

This study has received partial funding support from the University of British Columbia School of Nursing’s Lyle Creelman Endowment Fund. The funders had and will not have a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. There was no additional external funding received for this study.

Custom metadata

Data Availability This is a study protocol manuscript and does not report any results. All relevant data from this study will be made available upon study completion.

ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

Data availability: