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      Resultados clínicos de las enfermeras de práctica avanzada en heridas crónicas complejas en Andalucía Translated title: Clinical results of the nurses of advanced practice in complex chronic wounds in Andalucía

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir y analizar el rol clínico de la enfermera de práctica avanzada en heridas crónicas complejas (EPA-HCC) en Andalucía, en cuanto al seguimiento de pacientes con heridas crónicas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en los distritos Poniente de Almería, del A.G.C. Jaén Norte-Nordeste, A.G.S. Serranía de Málaga y Distrito Metropolitano de Granada entre junio del 2015 y junio del 2018, midiendo variables descriptivas como: diagnóstico etiológico de las heridas crónicas, tiempo de evolución antes de ser remitidos a EPAHCC, tasas de cicatrización, mejoría, empeoramiento, total de heridas crónicas, tasas de derivación desde EPA-HCC a hospitales. Resultados: Se realizó seguimiento de un total de 767 personas con heridas crónicas, donde el 70% de todas ellas fueron úlceras por presión, úlceras venosas y lesiones de pie diabético, con una media de evolución de todas las lesiones de 21 meses y cuya derivación por parte de las EPA-HCC hacia los especialistas hospitalarios fue del 13,82%, siendo más del 86,18% (n = 661) de los pacientes gestionados de forma eficaz por las EPA-HCC. La derivación directa de los pacientes a consulta de especialistas médicos desde la implantación de la figura fue tan solo del 5%, con el importante ahorro en coste que esto supuso; además, las EPA-HCC atendieron a casi una de cada 4 heridas crónicas, datos estos que solo hicieron referencia a la atención directa, no de consultoría. Conclusiones: El rol clínico y coordinación que desempeñaron las EPA-HCC en los pacientes con heridas crónicas es efectiva en la mejora de los cuidados.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: To describe and to analyze the clinical role performed by the advanced practice nurse in complex chronic wounds (APN-CCW) in Andalusia, regarding the follow-up of patients with chronic wounds. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study in the Poniente of Almería Districts, of the H.M.A. Jaén NorthNortheast, H.M.A. Serranía de Málaga and the Metropolitan District of Granada between June 2015 and June 2018, measuring descriptive variables such as: etiological diagnosis of chronic wounds, evolution time before referring to APN-CCW, healing, improvement, worsening and deaths rates, total of chronic wounds, referral rates from APN-CCW to hospitals. Results: A total of 767 people with chronic wounds were followed up, and 70% of all of them were pressure ulcers, venous ulcers and diabetic feet, with an average of 21 monthsevolution of all injuries and whose derivation from APN-CCW to hospital specialists was 13.82%, with more than a 86.18% (n=661) of patients effectively managed by APN-CCW. The direct derivation of patients to the medical specialists office since the implementation of the figure was only 5%, with the significant cost savings that this supposed, besides, the APN-CCW attended almost one in every 4 chronic wounds, no consulting. Conclusions: The clinical role and coordination of the APN-CCW in patients with chronic wounds is effective in improving care.

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          Diabetic foot ulcer management in clinical practice in the UK: costs and outcomes

          The aim of this study was to estimate the patterns of care and annual levels of health care resource use attributable to managing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in clinical practice by the UK's National Health Service (NHS), and the associated costs of patient management. This was a retrospective cohort analysis of the records of 130 patients with a newly diagnosed DFU in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database. Patients' characteristics, wound-related health outcomes and health care resource use were quantified, and the total NHS cost of patient management was estimated at 2015-2016 prices. Patients were predominantly managed in the community by nurses, with minimal clinical involvement of specialist physicians. 5% of patients saw a podiatrist, and 5% received a pressure-offloading device. Additionally, 17% of patients had at least one amputation within the first 12 months from initial presentation of their DFU. 14% of DFUs were documented as being clinically infected at initial presentation, although an additional 31% of patients were prescribed an antimicrobial dressing at the time of presentation. Of all the DFUs, 35% healed within 12 months, and the mean time to healing was 4·4 months. Over the study period, 48% of all patients received at least one prescription for a compression system, but significantly more patients healed if they never received compression (67% versus 16%; P < 0·001). The mean NHS cost of wound care over 12 months was an estimated £7800 per DFU (of which 13% was attributable to amputations), ranging from £2140 to £8800 per healed and unhealed DFU, respectively, and £16 900 per amputated wound. Consolidated medical records from a primary care held database provided 'real-world evidence' highlighting the consequences of inefficient and inadequate management of DFUs in clinical practice in the UK. Clinical and economic benefits to both patients and the NHS could accrue from strategies that focus on (i) wound prevention, (ii) improving wound-healing rates and (iii) reducing infection and amputation rates.
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            Venous leg ulcer management in clinical practice in the UK: costs and outcomes

            The aim of this study was to estimate the patterns of care and annual levels of health care resource use attributable to managing venous leg ulcers (VLUs) in clinical practice by the UK's National Health Service (NHS) and the associated costs of patient management. This was a retrospective cohort analysis of the records of 505 patients in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) Database. Patients' characteristics, wound-related health outcomes and health care resource use were quantified, and the total NHS cost of patient management was estimated at 2015/2016 prices. Overall, 53% of all VLUs healed within 12 months, and the mean time to healing was 3·0 months. 13% of patients were never prescribed any recognised compression system, and 78% of their wounds healed. Of the 87% who were prescribed a recognised compression system, 52% of wounds healed. Patients were predominantly managed in the community by nurses with minimal clinical involvement of specialist clinicians. Up to 30% of all the VLUs may have been clinically infected at the time of presentation, and only 22% of patients had an ankle brachial pressure index documented in their records. The mean NHS cost of wound care over 12 months was an estimated £7600 per VLU. However, the cost of managing an unhealed VLU was 4·5 times more than that of managing a healed VLU (£3000 per healed VLU and £13 500 per unhealed VLU). This study provides important insights into a number of aspects of VLU management in clinical practice that have been difficult to ascertain from other studies and provides the best estimate available of NHS resource use and costs with which to inform policy and budgetary decisions.
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              Epidemiología de las úlceras por presión en España en 2013: 4.º Estudio Nacional de Prevalencia

              Objetivos: 1) establecer la prevalencia de úlceras por presión (UPP) en hospitales, centros sociosanitarios (CSS) y atención primaria en España; 2) determinar la frecuencia de UPP nosocomiales (generadas durante la estancia en hospitales o CSS), y 3) describir las características de los pacientes y de las lesiones identificadas. Métodos: encuesta epidemiológica, transversal, mediante cuestionario dirigido a profesionales que trabajen en centros sanitarios y sociosanitarios, públicos o privados, en España. Realizada entre el 1 de marzo y el 31 de mayo de 2013. Variables: descripción de los centros, población ingresada o atendida y pacientes con UPP, características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes. Se calcula prevalencia bruta y prevalencia media para cada uno de los tres niveles asistenciales. Resultados: se obtuvieron 509 cuestionarios válidos, un 66,7% son de hospitales, un 21,6% de atención primaria y un 16,7% de CSS. Las cifras de prevalencia obtenidas son: en hospitales, en adultos 7,87% (IC 95%: 7,31-8,47%); en unidades pediátricas de hospitales, 3,36% (IC 95%: 1,44-7,61%); en CSS, 13,41% (IC 95%: 12,6-14,2%), y en atención primaria, 0,44% (IC 95%: 0,41-0,47%) entre mayores de 65 años y 8,51% (IC 95%: 7,96-9,1%) entre pacientes en programas de atención domiciliaria. La prevalencia es más alta en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), llegando al 18%. Son UPP nosocomiales un 65,6% del total y solo un 29,4% se han producido en los domicilios. El mayor porcentaje de las lesiones es de categoría 2, con un tiempo de evolución de 30 días (mediana) y un área de 6 cm² (mediana). Conclusiones: la prevalencia de UPP en España no ha disminuido en 2013 respecto a años anteriores, e incluso se ha duplicado en los CSS. En hospitales, las UCI son las unidades con mayor prevalencia. En los CSS, hay una prevalencia más alta en los privados frente a los públicos. Casi dos tercios de todas las UPP son de origen nosocomial (hospitales o CSS), lo que indica un fallo en la prevención de estas lesiones.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                geroko
                Gerokomos
                Gerokomos
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1134-928X
                2020
                : 31
                : 1
                : 36-40
                Affiliations
                [5] orgnameDistrito Sanitario Jaén Nordeste España
                [2] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Almería orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                [4] orgnameÁrea de Gestión Sanitaria Serranía de Málaga España
                [3] orgnameDistrito Sanitario Metropolitano de Granada España
                [1] orgnameDistrito Sanitario Poniente de Almería España
                [6] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Jaén orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                Article
                S1134-928X2020000100008 S1134-928X(20)03100100008
                74823d1f-999b-4e5e-a505-6db4396e8d50

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 May 2019
                : 30 April 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Helcos

                Andalucía,Chronic wounds,Enfermera de práctica avanzada,Clinical results,resultados clínicos,Advanced practice nurse,heridas crónicas,Andalusia

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