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      Optical coherence tomography angiography: Technical principles and clinical applications in ophthalmology

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          Abstract

          Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a functional extension of OCT that provides information on retinal and choroidal circulations without the need for dye injections. With the recent development of high-speed OCT systems and efficient algorithms, OCTA has become clinically feasible. In this review article, we discuss the technical principles of OCTA, including image processing and artifacts, and its clinical applications in ophthalmology. We summarize recent studies which qualitatively or quantitatively assess disease presentation, progression, and/or response to treatment.

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          Optical coherence tomography.

          D Huang, E A Swanson, C P Lin … (1991)
          A technique called optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been developed for noninvasive cross-sectional imaging in biological systems. OCT uses low-coherence interferometry to produce a two-dimensional image of optical scattering from internal tissue microstructures in a way that is analogous to ultrasonic pulse-echo imaging. OCT has longitudinal and lateral spatial resolutions of a few micrometers and can detect reflected signals as small as approximately 10(-10) of the incident optical power. Tomographic imaging is demonstrated in vitro in the peripapillary area of the retina and in the coronary artery, two clinically relevant examples that are representative of transparent and turbid media, respectively.
          Article 0 comments Cited 751 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography with optical coherence tomography

            Yali Jia, Ou Tan, Jason Tokayer … (2012)
            Amplitude decorrelation measurement is sensitive to transverse flow and immune to phase noise in comparison to Doppler and other phase-based approaches. However, the high axial resolution of OCT makes it very sensitive to the pulsatile bulk motion noise in the axial direction. To overcome this limitation, we developed split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography (SSADA) to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of flow detection. The full OCT spectrum was split into several narrower bands. Inter-B-scan decorrelation was computed using the spectral bands separately and then averaged. The SSADA algorithm was tested on in vivo images of the human macula and optic nerve head. It significantly improved both SNR for flow detection and connectivity of microvascular network when compared to other amplitude-decorrelation algorithms.
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              Diabetic retinopathy.

              Robert N Frank (2004)
              Article 0 comments Cited 277 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-journal-id): 101582127
                Journal ID (pubmed-jr-id): 41305
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Taiwan J Ophthalmol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Taiwan J Ophthalmol
                Title: Taiwan journal of ophthalmology
                ISSN (Print): 2211-5056
                ISSN (Electronic): 2211-5072
                Publication date Nihms-submitted: 22 September 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 September 2017
                Publication date (Print): Jul-Sep 2017
                Publication date PMC-release: 27 September 2017
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 115-129
                Affiliations
                Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. David Huang, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. davidhuang@ 123456alum.mit.edu
                Article
                Manuscript ID: NIHMS907299
                DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_31_17
                PMC ID: 5617355
                PubMed ID: 28966909
                SO-VID: 74a6d4ef-ea93-4374-9f23-0a8c2c12a198
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

                For reprints contact: reprints@ 123456medknow.com

                History
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: choroidal neovascularization,diabetic retinopathy,glaucoma,optic disc,optical coherence tomography angiography,retina
                Data availability:
                Keywords: choroidal neovascularization, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, optic disc, optical coherence tomography angiography, retina

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