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      Unfolding network communities by combining defensive and offensive label propagation

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          Abstract

          Label propagation has proven to be a fast method for detecting communities in complex networks. Recent work has also improved the accuracy and stability of the basic algorithm, however, a general approach is still an open issue. We propose different label propagation algorithms that convey two unique strategies of community formation, namely, defensive preservation and offensive expansion of communities. Furthermore, the strategies are combined in an advanced label propagation algorithm that retains the advantages of both approaches; and are enhanced with hierarchical community extraction, prominent for the use on larger networks. The proposed algorithms were empirically evaluated on different benchmarks networks with planted partition and on over 30 real-world networks of various types and sizes. The results confirm the adequacy of the propositions and give promising grounds for future analysis of (large) complex networks. Nevertheless, the main contribution of this work is in showing that different types of networks (with different topological properties) favor different strategies of community formation.

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          Most cited references13

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          Emergence of scaling in random networks

          Systems as diverse as genetic networks or the world wide web are best described as networks with complex topology. A common property of many large networks is that the vertex connectivities follow a scale-free power-law distribution. This feature is found to be a consequence of the two generic mechanisms that networks expand continuously by the addition of new vertices, and new vertices attach preferentially to already well connected sites. A model based on these two ingredients reproduces the observed stationary scale-free distributions, indicating that the development of large networks is governed by robust self-organizing phenomena that go beyond the particulars of the individual systems.
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            Community structure in social and biological networks

            A number of recent studies have focused on the statistical properties of networked systems such as social networks and the World-Wide Web. Researchers have concentrated particularly on a few properties which seem to be common to many networks: the small-world property, power-law degree distributions, and network transitivity. In this paper, we highlight another property which is found in many networks, the property of community structure, in which network nodes are joined together in tightly-knit groups between which there are only looser connections. We propose a new method for detecting such communities, built around the idea of using centrality indices to find community boundaries. We test our method on computer generated and real-world graphs whose community structure is already known, and find that it detects this known structure with high sensitivity and reliability. We also apply the method to two networks whose community structure is not well-known - a collaboration network and a food web - and find that it detects significant and informative community divisions in both cases.
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              Uncovering the overlapping community structure of complex networks in nature and society

              Many complex systems in nature and society can be described in terms of networks capturing the intricate web of connections among the units they are made of. A key question is how to interpret the global organization of such networks as the coexistence of their structural subunits (communities) associated with more highly interconnected parts. Identifying these a priori unknown building blocks (such as functionally related proteins, industrial sectors and groups of people) is crucial to the understanding of the structural and functional properties of networks. The existing deterministic methods used for large networks find separated communities, whereas most of the actual networks are made of highly overlapping cohesive groups of nodes. Here we introduce an approach to analysing the main statistical features of the interwoven sets of overlapping communities that makes a step towards uncovering the modular structure of complex systems. After defining a set of new characteristic quantities for the statistics of communities, we apply an efficient technique for exploring overlapping communities on a large scale. We find that overlaps are significant, and the distributions we introduce reveal universal features of networks. Our studies of collaboration, word-association and protein interaction graphs show that the web of communities has non-trivial correlations and specific scaling properties.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                2011-03-14
                Article
                1103.2596
                87211978-e109-46e7-9e76-ec0e2feca544

                http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

                History
                Custom metadata
                Proceedings of the ECML PKDD Workshop on the Analysis of Complex Networks 2010 (ACNE '10), pp. 87-104
                physics.soc-ph cs.SI physics.data-an

                Social & Information networks,General physics,Mathematical & Computational physics

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