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      Potential of Duckweed (Lemna minor) for the Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate

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          Abstract

          Phytoextraction of zinc, copper, lead, iron, and nickel from landfill leachate by duckweed ( L. minor) was investigated every 3 days over a period of 2 weeks. Bioconcentration factor and removal efficiency were also calculated. Results of this study proved that L. minor significantly reduced the concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate. Removal efficiency of L. minor, for all the metals, from landfill leachate was more than 70% with the maximum value for copper (91%). Reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) was observed by 39% and 47%, respectively. However, other physiochemical parameters like pH, total suspended solids, (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were reduced by 13%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. The value of bioconcentration factor (BCF) was less than 1 with the maximum figure for copper (0.84) and lead (0.81), showing that the plant is a moderate accumulator for these heavy metals. Duckweed ( L. minor) appeared as a sustainable alternative candidate and is recommended for the treatment of landfill leachate waste water contaminants.

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          Landfill leachate treatment: Review and opportunity.

          S Renou, J.G. Givaudan, S Poulain … (2008)
          In most countries, sanitary landfilling is nowadays the most common way to eliminate municipal solid wastes (MSW). In spite of many advantages, generation of heavily polluted leachates, presenting significant variations in both volumetric flow and chemical composition, constitutes a major drawback. Year after year, the recognition of landfill leachate impact on environment has forced authorities to fix more and more stringent requirements for pollution control. This paper is a review of landfill leachate treatments. After the state of art, a discussion put in light an opportunity and some results of the treatment process performances are given. Advantages and drawbacks of the various treatments are discussed under the items: (a) leachate transfer, (b) biodegradation, (c) chemical and physical methods and (d) membrane processes. Several tables permit to review and summarize each treatment efficiency depending on operating conditions. Finally, considering the hardening of the standards of rejection, conventional landfill leachate treatment plants appear under-dimensioned or do not allow to reach the specifications required by the legislator. So that, new technologies or conventional ones improvements have been developed and tried to be financially attractive. Today, the use of membrane technologies, more especially reverse osmosis (RO), either as a main step in a landfill leachate treatment chain or as single post-treatment step has shown to be an indispensable means of achieving purification.
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            Metallochaperones, an intracellular shuttle service for metal ions.

            T O'Halloran, Valeria Culotta (2000)
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              Trends in the use of Fenton, electro-Fenton and photo-Fenton for the treatment of landfill leachate.

              Muhammad Umar, Hamidi Aziz, Mohd Yusoff (2010)
              Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as Fenton, electro-Fenton and photo-Fenton have been applied effectively to remove refractory organics from landfill leachate. The Fenton reaction is based on the addition of hydrogen peroxide to the wastewater or leachate in the presence of ferrous salt as a catalyst. The use of this technique has proved to be one of the best compromises for landfill leachate treatment because of its environmental and economical advantages. Fenton process has been used successfully to mineralize wide range of organic constituents present in landfill leachate particularly those recalcitrant to biological degradation. The present study reviews the use of Fenton and related processes in terms of their increased application to landfill leachate. The effects of various operating parameters and their optimum ranges for maximum COD and color removal are reviewed with the conclusion that the Fenton and related processes are effective and competitive with other technologies for degradation of both raw and pre-treated landfill leachate.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Journal of Chemistry
                Abbreviated Title: Journal of Chemistry
                Publisher: Hindawi Limited
                ISSN (Print): 2090-9063
                ISSN (Electronic): 2090-9071
                Publication date Created: December 02 2018
                Publication date (Print): December 02 2018
                Volume: 2018
                Pages: 1-9
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
                [2 ]Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
                [3 ]Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
                [4 ]Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
                [5 ]Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2018/3951540
                SO-VID: 752ca173-c386-4e81-ac6e-ff0bd6dd41d9
                Copyright © © 2018
                License:

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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