Risk assessment of unintention injury among preschool children in Shunyi District of Beijing

Abstract

Objective To understand the current situation and associated factors of unintentional injury among preschool children in Shunyi District, and to provide reference for the development of unintentional injury intervention measures.

Methods Three kindergartens in Shunyi district were selected through stratified cluster sampling method, and all the parents were surveyed online by self-designed questionnaire.

Results The proportion of low, medium and high risk assessment of unintentional injury in preschool children were 59.5%, 37.5% and 3.0%, respectively. Risk of unintentional injury increased significantly with age and grade (χ ² = 12.35, 12.70, P<0.05). The risk of unintentional injury in inter-generational care (3.7%) was higher than that in parental care (2.4%). The higher the education level of the primary caretaker and family income, the higher level of unintentional injury risk (χ ² = 11.23, 14.10, P<0.05). There were significant differences in the risk for burning, poisoning, other accidental injury, prevention of accidental injury and total score of unintentional injury among children of different ages and classes ( F = 8.26, 5.61, 4.95, 6.15, 7.86; 9.88, 8.39, 4.25, 6.27, 7.55, P<0.05). There was statistical significance in burning risk between boys and girls ( t = −4.27, P<0.05). There was statistical significance in unintentional injury prevention between children of different residence ( t = 9.11, P<0.05). There were significant differences in behavior supervision among risk among children of different ages and grades ( P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level of primary caregivers (college: B = −2.66, 95% CI = −4.69–0.63; bachelor degree or higher: B = −3.80, 95% CI = −5.90–−1.70), annual family income ( B = −2.82, = −4.80–−0.84) were associated with unintentional injury risk of preschool children ( P<0.05).

Conclusion Health education of unintentional injury prevention among preschool children should focus on the primary caretaker with low education and low family income, which is crucial for prevention of children’s injury.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解顺义区学龄前儿童发生伤害风险情况及其影响因素, 为制定预防伤害干预措施提供参考。 方法 通 过分层整群抽样的方法, 选取顺义区 3 所幼儿园, 采用自行设计的调查问卷对抽中幼儿园的所有家长进行网绺平台线上调 查。 结果 学龄前儿童伤害的低、中、高风险评估比例分别 59.5%, 37.5% 和 3.0%。学龄前儿童年龄和班级越高, 伤害风险 评估等级越高 (χ ² 值分别为 12.35, 12.70, P 值均<0.05), 伤害风险隔代照顾意外伤害高风险 (3.7%) 高于父母照顾 (2.4%)； 主要照护人文化程度、家庭年收人越高, 伤害风险评估等级越低 (χ ² _趋势 值分别为 11.23, 14.10, P 值均<0.05)。不同年龄、不 同年级的儿童在烧烫伤风险、中毒风险、其他伤害风险、儿童伤害防范和伤害总得分差异均有统计学意义 ( F 值分别为 8.26, 5.61, 4.95, 6.15, 7.86; 9.88,8.39,4.25,6.27,7.55, P 值均<0.05); 不同性别的儿童烧烫伤风险维度差异有统计学意义 ( t = −4.27, P<0.05); 不同居住地儿童伤害防范维度差异有统计学意义 ( t = 9.11, P<0.05); 不同年龄、年级的儿童在风险来源 中的行为监管差异均有统计学意义 ( P 值均<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示, 主要照护人文化程度 (大专: B =−2.66, 95% CI =−4.69~−0.63; 本科及以上: B = −3.80, 95% CI =−5.90~−1.70)、家庭年收人 ( B = −2.82, 95% CI =−4.80~−0.84) 是学龄前 儿童发生伤害风险的影响因素 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 在开展学龄前儿童预防伤害的健康教育工作中, 着重对家庭收人较 低及文化程度偏低的主要照护人进行有针对性的干预, 对进一步提高儿童伤害风险的预防有着积极意义。