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      Piezoelectric polymers as biomaterials for tissue engineering applications.

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          Abstract

          Tissue engineering often rely on scaffolds for supporting cell differentiation and growth. Novel paradigms for tissue engineering include the need of active or smart scaffolds in order to properly regenerate specific tissues. In particular, as electrical and electromechanical clues are among the most relevant ones in determining tissue functionality in tissues such as muscle and bone, among others, electroactive materials and, in particular, piezoelectric ones, show strong potential for novel tissue engineering strategies, in particular taking also into account the existence of these phenomena within some specific tissues, indicating their requirement also during tissue regeneration. This referee reports on piezoelectric materials used for tissue engineering applications. The most used materials for tissue engineering strategies are reported together with the main achievements, challenges and future needs for research and actual therapies. This review provides thus a compilation of the most relevant results and strategies and a start point for novel research pathways in the most relevant and challenging open questions.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
          Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
          Elsevier BV
          1873-4367
          0927-7765
          Dec 01 2015
          : 136
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Center/Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal. Electronic address: cribeiro@fisica.uminho.pt.
          [2 ] Center/Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; School of Mechanical, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Science, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
          [3 ] Center/Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; Centro/Departamento de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
          [4 ] Center/Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal. Electronic address: lanceros@fisica.uminho.pt.
          Article
          S0927-7765(15)30160-0
          10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.043
          26355812
          754ec8ea-e0e1-4ed1-bd2d-4f1ce21771b8
          History

          Polymers,Scaffold,Smart materials,Tissue engineering,Piezoelectric

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