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      A valley valve and electron beam splitter

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      Science
      American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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          Abstract

          Developing alternative paradigms of electronics beyond silicon technology requires the exploration of fundamentally new physical mechanisms, such as the valley-specific phenomena in hexagonal two-dimensional materials. We realize ballistic valley Hall kink states in bilayer graphene and demonstrate gate-controlled current transmission in a four-kink router device. The operations of a waveguide, a valve, and a tunable electron beam splitter are demonstrated. The valley valve exploits the valley-momentum locking of the kink states and reaches an on/off ratio of 8 at zero magnetic field. A magnetic field enables a full-range tunable coherent beam splitter. These results pave a path to building a scalable, coherent quantum transportation network based on the kink states.

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          Most cited references14

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          Electronic analog of the electro-optic modulator

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            Valley-dependent optoelectronics from inversion symmetry breaking

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              Detecting topological currents in graphene superlattices.

              Topological materials may exhibit Hall-like currents flowing transversely to the applied electric field even in the absence of a magnetic field. In graphene superlattices, which have broken inversion symmetry, topological currents originating from graphene's two valleys are predicted to flow in opposite directions and combine to produce long-range charge neutral flow. We observed this effect as a nonlocal voltage at zero magnetic field in a narrow energy range near Dirac points at distances as large as several micrometers away from the nominal current path. Locally, topological currents are comparable in strength with the applied current, indicating large valley-Hall angles. The long-range character of topological currents and their transistor-like control by means of gate voltage can be exploited for information processing based on valley degrees of freedom.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Science
                Science
                American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
                0036-8075
                1095-9203
                December 06 2018
                December 07 2018
                December 06 2018
                December 07 2018
                : 362
                : 6419
                : 1149-1152
                Article
                10.1126/science.aao5989
                30523108
                75e7d630-0dc1-4d6d-9513-e2153c94dab0
                © 2018

                http://www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse

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