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      Os parentes de nossos parentes: um ensaio sobre a sociedade e as culturas dos chimpanzés sob uma perspectiva antropológica Translated title: Relatives of our relatives: an essay about the society and the cultures of chimpanzees from an anthropological perspective

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          Abstract

          Análises comparativas do comportamento em populações de chimpanzés revelaram a existência de variabilidade assim como de homogeneidade, entre os grupos levando pesquisadores a afirmar que existem "culturas de chimpanzés". Os resultados dessas análises podem produzir um forte impacto sobre as idéias correntes acerca das relações entre natureza e cultura. O presente texto apresenta uma discussão a respeito da noção de "culturas de chimpanzés" à luz da antropologia sociocultural, apontando possibilidades e limites. A perspectiva antropológica pode estimular a reflexão sobre a relevância do método sobre o dado, a idéia de totalidade, a construção da alteridade, a questão do significado nas pesquisas sobre comportamento de chimpanzés ou a importância da organização social nas concepções de cultura.

          Translated abstract

          Comparative analyses of the behavior of chimpanzee populations have revealed the existence of intergroup variability as well as commonality and has given some researchers support to affirm the existence of "chimpanzee cultures". Such analyses may generate a strong impact on current ideas about the relationship between nature and culture. In the present paper, I presents some thoughts about the notion of "chimpanzee cultures" from a sociocultural, anthropological point of view, indicating limits and perspectives. Anthropology may stimulate reflection about: the impact of method on the nature of data, the idea of totality, the construction of otherness, the question of meaning in research about the behavior of chimpanzees and the relevance of social organization for the conception of culture.

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          Most cited references124

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          A interpretação das culturas

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            CHARTING CULTURAL VARIATION IN CHIMPANZEES

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              The question of animal culture.

              B. Galef (1992)
              In this paper I consider whether traditional behaviors of animals, like traditions of humans, are transmitted by imitation learning. Review of the literature on problem solving by captive primates, and detailed consideration of two widely cited instances of purported learning by imitation and of culture in free-living primates (sweet-potato washing by Japanese macaques and termite fishing by chimpanzees), suggests that nonhuman primates do not learn to solve problems by imitation. It may, therefore, be misleading to treat animal traditions and human culture as homologous (rather than analogous) and to refer to animal traditions as cultural.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                reto
                Revista de Etologia
                Rev. etol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Etologia (São Paulo )
                1517-2805
                December 2004
                : 6
                : 2
                : 101-117
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá
                Article
                S1517-28052004000200004
                75fc5589-cfdc-4953-ac1e-ae877c3ff95d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                PHYSICS, APPLIED

                Technical & Applied physics
                Social Behavior,Culture,Anthropology,Chimpanzees,Comportamento Social,Cultura,Antropologia,Chimpanzés

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