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      Nutritional immunity beyond iron: a role for manganese and zinc

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      Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
      Elsevier BV

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          Abstract

          Vertebrates sequester iron from invading pathogens, and conversely, pathogens express a variety of factors to steal iron from the host. Recent work has demonstrated that in addition to iron, vertebrates sequester zinc and manganese both intracellularly and extracellularly to protect against infection. Intracellularly, vertebrates utilize the ZIP/ZnT families of transporters to manipulate zinc levels, as well as Nramp1 to manipulate manganese levels. Extracellularly, the S100 protein calprotectin sequesters manganese and potentially zinc to inhibit microbial growth. To circumvent these defenses, bacteria possess high affinity transporters to import specific nutrient metals. Limiting the availability of zinc and manganese as a mechanism to defend against infection expands the spectrum of nutritional immunity and further establishes metal sequestration as a key defense against microbial invaders. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
          Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
          Elsevier BV
          13675931
          April 2010
          April 2010
          : 14
          : 2
          : 218-224
          Article
          10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.11.008
          2847644
          20015678
          7615c66e-8524-4fe0-947c-4497e96eb595
          © 2010

          https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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