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      A new marine gastrotrich from the State of São Paulo (Brazil), with a key to species of Pseudostomella (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae)

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      1
      ZooKeys
      Pensoft Publishers
      Gastrotrichs, Brazil, São Paulo, biodiversity, taxonomy, new species, key

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          In previous papers, faunistic and preliminary taxonomic data on the gastrotrich communities along the coastline of the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro were reported; among the over 40 records, the occurrence of several species new to science was highlighted. One of such new taxa is described here based on observation carried out on living and SEM prepared specimens. Pseudostomella dolichopoda sp. n. ( Gastrotricha: Thaumastodermatidae) is the only species in the genus that attains 420 µm in total length, is covered by pentancres and possesses, among others, caudal pedicles up to 45 µm in length. Additional differences with co-generic taxa characterized by a pentancrous covering are discussed. Furthermore, a key to the described Pseudostomella species of the world based on easily discernible traits, visible in both living and formalin-fixed specimens, is provided.

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          An appraisal of the computation of statistical parameters in grain size analysis

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            Spatially structured populations with a low level of cryptic diversity in European marine Gastrotricha.

            Species of the marine meiofauna such as Gastrotricha are known to lack dispersal stages and are thus assumed to have low dispersal ability and low levels of gene flow between populations. Yet, most species are widely distributed, and this creates a paradox. To shed light on this apparent paradox, we test (i) whether such wide distribution may be due to misidentification and lumping of cryptic species with restricted distributions and (ii) whether spatial structures exist for the phylogeography of gastrotrichs. As a model, we used the genus Turbanella in NW Europe. DNA taxonomy using a mitochondrial and a nuclear marker supports distinctness of four traditional species (Turbanella ambronensis, T. bocqueti, T. mustela and T. cornuta) and provides evidence for two cryptic species within T. hyalina. An effect of geography on the within-species genetic structure is indeed present, with the potential for understanding colonization processes and for performing phylogeographic inference from microscopic animals. On the other hand, the occurrence of widely distributed haplotypes indicates long-distance dispersal as well, despite the assumed low dispersal ability of gastrotrichs. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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              Are meiofaunal species cosmopolitan? Morphological and molecular analysis of Xenotrichula intermedia (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                URI : urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1F7357F2-5A2D-4914-9DAD-145669A8536A
                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                ZooKeys
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2012
                26 September 2012
                : 223
                : 39-51
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: M. Antonio Todaro ( antonio.todaro@ 123456unimore.it )

                Academic editor: L. Penev

                Article
                10.3897/zookeys.223.3975
                3459026
                23166459
                7617b358-3d07-4797-a643-4d2607e20afa
                M. Antonio Todaro

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 10 September 2012
                : 20 September 2012
                Categories
                Article

                Animal science & Zoology
                gastrotrichs,biodiversity,key,são paulo,brazil,new species,taxonomy
                Animal science & Zoology
                gastrotrichs, biodiversity, key, são paulo, brazil, new species, taxonomy

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