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      O MODELO MULTIDIMENSIONAL DE ANÁLISE ARGUMENTATIVA: UMA INTRODUÇÃO Translated title: THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL OF ARGUMENTATIVE ANALYSIS: AN INTRODUCTION

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Nosso objetivo, neste artigo, é discutir um modelo multidimensional de análise que considere a ancoragem discursiva, cognitiva e multimodal da atividade argumentativa. Em primeiro lugar, apresentamos sucintamente as principais premissas teóricas de tal abordagem, partindo de uma perspectiva multidisciplinar. Em segundo lugar, por meio de um diálogo com diferentes tradições dos estudos argumentativos, introduzimos as cinco dimensões que consideramos relevantes para uma análise holística das práticas argumentativas – a configuração funcional, a macroestrutura, a esquematização, a ancoragem socioafetiva e a orientação argumentativa. Por fim, ilustramos o funcionamento do modelo por meio de uma análise multidimensional de um movimento argumentativo extraído de uma entrevista televisiva com um político brasileiro em contexto de campanha eleitoral.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT In this paper, we advocate for a multidimensional approach to the analysis of argumentation by considering its cognitive, discursive and multimodal grounding. First, we briefly discuss the main theoretical premises of such an approach, assuming a multidisciplinary perspective. Second, by drawing on different traditions of argumentation studies, we introduce the five dimensions we consider relevant for a holistic analysis of argumentative practices – functional configuration, macrostructure, schematization, socio-affective grounding and argumentative orientation. Finally, we illustrate the functioning of the model through a multidimensional analysis of an argumentative move extracted from a Brazilian television political interview.

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          An embodied cognitive science?

          Andy Clark (1999)
          The last ten years have seen an increasing interest, within cognitive science, in issues concerning the physical body, the local environment, and the complex interplay between neural systems and the wider world in which they function. Yet many unanswered questions remain, and the shape of a genuinely physically embodied, environmentally embedded science of the mind is still unclear. In this article I will raise a number of critical questions concerning the nature and scope of this approach, drawing a distinction between two kinds of appeal to embodiment: (1) 'Simple' cases, in which bodily and environmental properties merely constrain accounts that retain the focus on inner organization and processing; and (2) More radical appeals, in which attention to bodily and environmental features is meant to transform both the subject matter and the theoretical framework of cognitive science.
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            Causal reasoning with forces

            Causal composition allows people to generate new causal relations by combining existing causal knowledge. We introduce a new computational model of such reasoning, the force theory, which holds that people compose causal relations by simulating the processes that join forces in the world, and compare this theory with the mental model theory (Khemlani et al., 2014) and the causal model theory (Sloman et al., 2009), which explain causal composition on the basis of mental models and structural equations, respectively. In one experiment, the force theory was uniquely able to account for people's ability to compose causal relationships from complex animations of real-world events. In three additional experiments, the force theory did as well as or better than the other two theories in explaining the causal compositions people generated from linguistically presented causal relations. Implications for causal learning and the hierarchical structure of causal knowledge are discussed.
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              Teoria da Mente: diferentes abordagens

              A capacidade de compreender os estados mentais (i.e. sentimentos, desejos, crenças e intenções) dos outros e de si mesmo é uma das características sociais do ser humano. Quando essa habilidade emerge e como se desenvolve são aspectos que têm sido pesquisados por psicólogos desenvolvimentistas e cognitivistas sob o nome de Teoria da Mente das crianças. Nesse trabalho, procura-se relacionar os diferentes enfoques teóricos acerca da natureza, gênese e desenvolvimento da teoria da mente com os achados empíricos e as metodologias empregadas. Questões referentes à idade em que os pesquisadores entendem que emerge uma teoria da mente nas crianças e a necessidade de desenvolver uma visão que englobe os diferentes níveis de compreensão que elas têm da mente, à luz das teorias existentes, são discutidas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                alfa
                Alfa: Revista de Linguística (São José do Rio Preto)
                Alfa, rev. linguíst. (São José Rio Preto)
                Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0002-5216
                1981-5794
                2020
                : 64
                : e11666
                Affiliations
                [1] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas Brazil paulosegundo@ 123456usp.br
                Article
                S1981-57942020000100205 S1981-5794(20)06400000205
                10.1590/1981-5794-e11666
                76337ef4-e953-4e9f-a7cf-39638749f6f8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 February 2019
                : 07 August 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 80, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo original

                Cognição,Discurso,Argumentação,Multidisciplinarity,Multidimensionality,Language,Cognition,Discourse,Argumentation,Linguagem,Multidisciplinaridade,Multidimensionalidade

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