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      Electronic Cigarette Vapor with Nicotine Causes Airway Mucociliary Dysfunction Preferentially via TRPA1 Receptors

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          Abstract

          Rationale: Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has been widely adopted under the perception of safety. However, possibly adverse effects of e-cig vapor in never-smokers are not well understood. Objectives: To test the effects of nicotine-containing e-cig vapors on airway mucociliary function in differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells isolated from never-smokers and in the airways of a novel, ovine large animal model. Methods: Mucociliary parameters were measured in human bronchial epithelial cells and in sheep. Systemic nicotine delivery to sheep was quantified using plasma cotinine levels, measured by ELISA. Measurements and Main Results: In vitro , exposure to e-cig vapor reduced airway surface liquid hydration and increased mucus viscosity of human bronchial epithelial cells in a nicotine-dependent manner. Acute nicotine exposure increased intracellular calcium levels, an effect primarily dependent on TRPA1 (transient receptor potential ankyrin 1). TRPA1 inhibition with A967079 restored nicotine-mediated impairment of mucociliary parameters including mucus transport in vitro . Sheep tracheal mucus velocity, an in vivo measure of mucociliary clearance, was also reduced by e-cig vapor. Nebulized e-cig liquid containing nicotine also reduced tracheal mucus velocity in a dose-dependent manner and elevated plasma cotinine levels. Importantly, nebulized A967079 reversed the effects of e-cig liquid on sheep tracheal mucus velocity. Conclusions: Our findings show that inhalation of e-cig vapor causes airway mucociliary dysfunction in vitro and in vivo . Furthermore, they suggest that the main nicotine effect on mucociliary function is mediated by TRPA1 and not nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
          Am J Respir Crit Care Med
          American Thoracic Society
          1073-449X
          1535-4970
          June 07 2019
          June 07 2019
          Affiliations
          [1 ]University of Kansas Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine, 189695, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
          [2 ]University of Miami School of Medicine, 12235, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
          [3 ]University of Miami School of Medicine, 12235, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
          [4 ]Mount Sinai Medical Center, 5258, Miami Beach, Florida, United States
          [5 ]University of Miami School of Medicine, 12235, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States;
          Article
          10.1164/rccm.201811-2087OC
          6888648
          31170808
          7650d653-4594-40f2-9cd4-7e84633b1ae0
          © 2019
          History

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