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      Experiencia clínica en hipertensión arterial pulmonar en un hospital general de tercer nivel Translated title: Clinical experience in pulmonary arterial hypertension in a general tertiary hospital

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La hipertensión arterial pulmonar es una enfermedad rara. Cursa con aumento progresivo de la resistencia vascular pulmonar e insuficiencia ventricular derecha y muerte precoz. Los tratamientos específicos han mejorado la esperanza de vida aunque el pronóstico a largo plazo sigue siendo desfavorable con una mortalidad del 40% a los tres años. Materiales y métodos: El estudio es descriptivo observacional trasversal y retrospectivo realizado en un hospital general de tercer nivel entre mayo de 2004 y agosto de 2020. Se midió la capacidad funcional (CF), la presión arterial pulmonar media, el test de la marcha de los 6 minutos (PM6M) entre otras variables. Se recogieron variables de tratamiento farmacológico específico y efectos adversos, así como la adherencia farmacológica. Resultados: La población fue de 27 pacientes, la mayoría mujeres con edad media de 62 años. Más del 80% de los pacientes presentaban CF II-III y PM6M de riesgo intermedio. Los tratamientos en primera línea y monoterapia mayoritarios fueron el sildenafilo y bosentán con un grado de recomendación de Ia, seguidos de ambrisentán. Los otros grupos de fármacos fueron minoritarios en los pacientes. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la variación del PM6M, sí hubo variación de PAPm de forma positiva. Conclusiones: Todos los pacientes llevaban en tratamiento específico más de tres años, aunque sería necesario ampliar el tamaño muestral. En cuanto a la seguridad los efectos adversos fueron de grado leve y la adherencia al tratamiento elevada.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare disease. It results a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and in right ventricular failure and early death. Specific treatments have improved the life expectancy of patients but the long-term prognosis remains poor, resulting in a high mortality of 40% at 3 years. Materials and methods: The research conducted is descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective. It was carried out in a third level general hospital between May 2004 and August 2020. The measured variables were functional capacity (CF), PAPm, 6-minute walk test (PM6M) and other clinical parameters. Variables related to specific pharmacological treatment and adverse effects, as well as pharmacological adherence were also collected. Results: The study population was 27 patients, most of them women, with an average age of 62 years. More than 80% of patients presented CF II-III and PM6M of moderate risk. First-line and monotherapy treatments were mainly sildenafil and bosentan, with an Ia recommendation level. Ambrisentan was also a first-line treatment. The other drug groups were in the minority among patients. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences in PM6M variation were found, although there was positive variation in PAPm. Conclusions: The patients had been on specific treatment for more than three years. In terms of safety, adverse effects were minor and adherence to treatment high.

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          Most cited references23

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          2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT).

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            Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a distinct underrecognised entity.

            The syndrome resulting from combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema has not been comprehensively described. The current authors conducted a retrospective study of 61 patients with both emphysema of the upper zones and diffuse parenchymal lung disease with fibrosis of the lower zones of the lungs on chest computed tomography. Patients (all smokers) included 60 males and one female, with a mean age of 65 yrs. Dyspnoea on exertion was present in all patients. Basal crackles were found in 87% and finger clubbing in 43%. Pulmonary function tests were as follows (mean+/-sd): total lung capacity 88%+/-17, forced vital capacity (FVC) 88%+/-18, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 80%+/-21 (% predicted), FEV1/FVC 69%+/-13, carbon monoxide diffusion capacity of the lung 37%+/-16 (% predicted), carbon monoxide transfer coefficient 46%+/-19. Pulmonary hypertension was present in 47% of patients at diagnosis, and 55% during follow-up. Patients were followed for a mean of 2.1+/-2.8 yrs from diagnosis. Survival was 87.5% at 2 yrs and 54.6% at 5 yrs, with a median of 6.1 yrs. The presence of pulmonary hypertension at diagnosis was a critical determinant of prognosis. The authors hereby individualise the computer tomography-defined syndrome of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema characterised by subnormal spirometry, severe impairment of gas exchange, high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension, and poor survival.
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              Diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

              The diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rapidly evolving area, with changes occurring in the definition of the disease, screening and diagnostic techniques, and staging and follow-up assessment. The definition of pulmonary hypertension has been simplified, and is now based on currently available evidence. There has been substantial progress in advancing the imaging techniques and biomarkers used to screen patients for the disease and to follow up their response to therapy. The importance of accurate assessment of right ventricular function in following up the clinical course and response to therapy is more fully appreciated. As new therapies are developed for pulmonary arterial hypertension, screening, prompt diagnosis, and accurate assessment of disease severity become increasingly important. A clear definition of pulmonary hypertension and the development of a rational approach to diagnostic assessment and follow-up using both conventional and new tools will be essential to deriving maximal benefit from our expanding therapeutic armamentarium.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                ofil
                Revista de la OFIL
                Rev. OFIL·ILAPHAR
                Organización de Farmacéuticos Ibero-Latinoamericanos (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1131-9429
                1699-714X
                March 2023
                : 33
                : 1
                : 63-69
                Affiliations
                [1] Logroño La Rioja orgnameHospital Universitario San Pedro España cleralta@ 123456riojasalud.es
                Article
                S1699-714X2023000100012 S1699-714X(23)03300100012
                10.4321/s1699-714x2023000100012
                767ae3b8-6eb6-4e95-baa2-935a00a065bc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 April 2021
                : 26 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Hipertensión arterial pulmonar,tratamiento farmacológico,treatment adherence,quality of life,drug safety,effectiveness,pharmacotherapy,Pulmonary hypertension,adherencia,calidad de vida,seguridad,efectividad

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