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      Infección pulmonar y torácica por Fusobacterium nucleatum Translated title: Pulmonary and thoracic infection by Fusobacterium nucleatum

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          Abstract

          Resumen: Introducción: El Fusobacterium nucleatum es un bacilo anaerobio que forma parte de la microbiota bucal y de la placa dental. Puede ser fuente de infecciones locales y, potencialmente, a distancia, las que son de ex cepción en pediatría. Objetivo: Presentar un caso de lesión pulmonar con invasión a la pared torácica por Fusobacterium nucleatum. Caso Clínico: Paciente de 11 años femenina, inmunocompetente, que consultó por presentar 2 semanas de tos, sudoración nocturna, sin fiebre ni baja de peso y aumento de volumen región basal torácica izquierda. Sin antecedente traumático ni de viajes fuera del país. Dos semanas antes del inicio de la sintomatologia fue tratada por caries de dentina. El estudio radio lógico y tomografía axial computarizada reveló imagen de neumonía basal izquierda, con invasión de la pleura y pared torácica. Se realizó toracotomía mínima dando salida a un líquido espeso de mal olor. Los estudios para gérmenes habituales y de tuberculosis, fueron negativos. Hematología des cartó lesión tumoral. El estudio para anaerobios informó desarrollo de Fusobacterium nucleatum. Se trató con penicilina y luego con amoxicilina con buena evolución clínica y radiológica. Se sospechó como fuente de infección el procedimiento dental. Conclusiones: El Fusobacterium nucleatum oca sionalmente puede provocar infecciones a distancia o extra orales en pacientes inmunocompetentes, como es la neumonía con invasión de pared torácica, por lo que es necesario tener presente.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Introduction: Fusobacterium nucleatum is an anaerobic bacillus that is part of the oral microbiota and dental pla que. This can cause local and potentially remote infections, which are exceptional in pediatrics. Ob jective: To present the case of a patient with lung injury with chest wall invasion by Fusobacterium nucleatum. Clinical Case: An 11-year-old female immunocompetent patient who consulted due to a two-week history of cough, night sweats, without fever or weight loss, and increased volume at the left spleen thoracic level. There was no history of chest wall trauma or travel outside the country. Two weeks before the onset of symptoms, she was treated for dental caries. Imaging studies and CT scan showed left spleen pneumonia, which invades the pleura and the chest wall. A minimal thoracotomy was performed, releasing a thick, foul-smelling liquid. The studies for common germs and tubercu losis were negative. Hematology ruled out tumor lesions. The anaerobic study reported the develo pment of Fusobacterium nucleatum. The patient was treated with penicillin followed by amoxicillin presenting good clinical and radiological responses. The dental procedure was suspected as the cause of infection. Conclusions: Fusobacterium nucleatum can occasionally cause remote or extra-oral in fections in immunocompetent patients, such as pneumonia with chest wall invasion, therefore it is necessary to bear it in mind.

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          Most cited references38

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          Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Chemoresistance to Colorectal Cancer by Modulating Autophagy

          Gut microbiota are linked to chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis. Chemotherapy failure is the major cause of recurrence and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. Here, we investigated the contribution of gut microbiota to chemoresistance in patients with colorectal cancer. We found that Fusobacterium (F.) nucleatum was abundant in colorectal cancer tissues in patients with recurrence post chemotherapy, and was associated with patient clinicopathological characterisitcs. Furthermore, our bioinformatic and functional studies demonstrated that F. nucleatum promoted colorectal cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Mechanistically, F. nucleatum targeted TLR4 and MYD88 innate immune signaling and specific microRNAs to activate the autophagy pathway and alter colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic response. Thus, F. nucleatum orchestrates a molecular network of the Toll-like receptor, microRNAs, and autophagy to clinically, biologically, and mechanistically control colorectal cancer chemoresistance. Measuring and targeting F. nucleatum and its associated pathway will yield valuable insight into clinical management and may ameliorate colorectal cancer patient outcomes.
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            Term stillbirth caused by oral Fusobacterium nucleatum.

            Intrauterine infection is a recognized cause of adverse pregnancy outcome, but the source of infection is often undetermined. We report a case of stillbirth caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum that originated in the mother's mouth. A woman with pregnancy-associated gingivitis experienced an upper respiratory tract infection at term, followed by stillbirth a few days later. F. nucleatum was isolated from the placenta and the fetus. Examination of different microbial floras from the mother identified the same clone in her subgingival plaque but not in the supragingival plaque, vagina, or rectum. F. nucleatum may have translocated from the mother's mouth to the uterus when the immune system was weakened during the respiratory infection. This case sheds light on patient management for those with pregnancy-associated gingivitis.
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              Poor oral hygiene as a risk factor for infective endocarditis-related bacteremia.

              Infective endocarditis (IE) often is caused by bacteria that colonize teeth. The authors conducted a study to determine if poor oral hygiene or dental disease are risk factors for developing bacteremia after toothbrushing or single-tooth extraction. One hundred ninety-four participants in a study were in either a toothbrushing group or a single-tooth extraction with placebo group. The authors assessed the participants' oral hygiene, gingivitis and periodontitis statuses. They assayed blood samples obtained before, during and after the toothbrushing or extraction interventions for IE-associated bacteria. The authors found that oral hygiene and gingival disease indexes were associated significantly with IE-related bacteremia after toothbrushing. Participants with mean plaque and calculus scores of 2 or greater were at a 3.78- and 4.43-fold increased risk of developing bacteremia, respectively. The presence of generalized bleeding after toothbrushing was associated with an almost eightfold increase in risk of developing bacteremia. There was no significant association between any of the measures of periodontal disease and the incidence of bacteremia after toothbrushing. The oral hygiene or disease status of a tooth was not significantly associated with bacteremia after its extraction. Bacteremia after toothbrushing is associated with poor oral hygiene and gingival bleeding after toothbrushing. Improvements in oral hygiene may reduce the risk of developing IE.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                andesped
                Andes pediatrica
                Andes pediatr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría. (Santiago, , Chile )
                2452-6053
                February 2021
                : 92
                : 1
                : 93-98
                Affiliations
                [2] Valparaíso Valparaíso orgnameUniversidad de Valparaíso orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                [3] Valparaíso orgnameHospital Dr. Gustavo Fricke Chile
                [4] Valparaíso orgnameHospital Dr. Gustavo Fricke Chile
                [1] Valparaíso orgnameHospital Dr. Gustavo Fricke Chile
                Article
                S2452-60532021000100093 S2452-6053(21)09200100093
                10.32641/andespediatr.v92i1.1744
                7684a14b-580f-457c-8395-a4df55bd3ce2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 January 2020
                : 12 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Casos clínicos

                Necrophorum,Fusobacterium Teoría,Nucleatum,Fusobacterium,Empyema,Pneumonia,Fusobacterium Theory,Empiema,Neumonía

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