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      Combination of platelet count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is a useful predictor of postoperative survival in patients with colorectal cancer

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          Abstract

          Background:

          This study investigated the usefulness of a novel inflammation-based prognostic system, named the COP-NLR (COmbination of Platelet count and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio), for predicting the postoperative survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

          Methods:

          The COP-NLR was calculated on the basis of data obtained on the day of admission: patients with both an elevated platelet count (>30 × 10 4 mm −3) and an elevated NLR (>3) were allocated a score of 2, and patients showing one or neither were allocated a score of 1 or 0, respectively.

          Results:

          Four-hundred and eighty patients were enrolled. Multivariate analysis of clinical characteristics selected by univariate analysis showed that the COP-NLR (1, 2/0) (odds ratio, 0.464; 95% confidence interval, 0.267–0.807; P=0.007) had an association with cancer-specific survival, along with pathology, lymph node metastasis, the serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, C-reactive protein and albumin, and the Glasgow Prognostic Score. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank test revealed that the COP-NLR was able to divide such patients into three independent groups ( P<0.001).

          Conclusion:

          The COP-NLR is considered to be a useful predictor of postoperative survival in patients with CRC.

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          Most cited references 34

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          The systemic inflammation-based Glasgow Prognostic Score: a decade of experience in patients with cancer.

           Donald C. McMillan (2013)
          Since the initial work, a decade ago that the combination of C-reactive protein and albumin, the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), had independent prognostic value in patients with cancer, there have been more than 60 studies (>30,000 patients) that have examined and validated the use of the GPS or the modified GPS (mGPS) in a variety of cancer scenarios. The present review provides a concise overview of these studies and comments on the current and future clinical utility of this simple objective systemic inflammation-based score. The GPS/mGPS had independent prognostic value in (a) unselected cohorts (4 studies, >19,400 patients) (b) operable disease (28 studies, >8,000 patients) (c) chemo/radiotherapy (11 studies, >1500 patients) (d) inoperable disease (11 studies, >2,000 patients). Association studies (15 studies, >2,000 patients) pointed to an increased GPS/mGPS being associated with increased weight and muscle loss, poor performance status, increased comorbidity, increased pro-inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines and complications on treatment. These studies have originated from 13 different countries, in particular the UK and Japan. A chronic systemic inflammatory response, as evidenced by the GPS/mGPS, is clearly implicated in the prognosis of patients with cancer in a variety of clinical scenarios. The GPS/mGPS is the most extensively validated of the systemic inflammation-based prognostic scores and therefore may be used in the routine clinical assessment of patients with cancer. It not only identifies patients at risk but also provides a well defined therapeutic target for future clinical trials. It remains to be determined whether the GPS has prognostic value in other disease states. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Capecitabine as adjuvant treatment for stage III colon cancer.

             Chris Twelves,  Fares Husseini,  Markus Abt … (2005)
            Intravenous bolus fluorouracil plus leucovorin is the standard adjuvant treatment for colon cancer. The oral fluoropyrimidine capecitabine is an established alternative to bolus fluorouracil plus leucovorin as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. We evaluated capecitabine in the adjuvant setting. We randomly assigned a total of 1987 patients with resected stage III colon cancer to receive either oral capecitabine (1004 patients) or bolus fluorouracil plus leucovorin (Mayo Clinic regimen; 983 patients) over a period of 24 weeks. The primary efficacy end point was at least equivalence in disease-free survival; the primary safety end point was the incidence of grade 3 or 4 toxic effects due to fluoropyrimidines. Disease-free survival in the capecitabine group was at least equivalent to that in the fluorouracil-plus-leucovorin group (in the intention-to-treat analysis, P<0.001 for the comparison of the upper limit of the hazard ratio with the noninferiority margin of 1.20). Capecitabine improved relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.74 to 0.99; P=0.04) and was associated with significantly fewer adverse events than fluorouracil plus leucovorin (P<0.001). Oral capecitabine is an effective alternative to intravenous fluorouracil plus leucovorin in the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer. Copyright 2005 Massachusetts Medical Society.
            Article 0 comments Cited 175 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Systemic inflammatory response predicts survival following curative resection of colorectal cancer.

               D G G McMillan,  K Canna,  C S McArdle (2003)
              Some studies have shown that the presence of a systemic inflammatory response, as evidenced by raised circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), predicted recurrence and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the inflammatory response and overall and cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer. A total of 174 patients considered to have undergone curative resection were studied. Circulating CRP concentrations were measured before and/or after operation. The majority of patients were aged 65 years or more, had colonic tumours and Dukes' stage B lesions. During follow-up, 47 patients (27 per cent) developed recurrence and 59 (34 per cent) died. On univariate analysis, age (P < 0.01), Dukes' stage (P < 0.001), and CRP levels before (P < 0.01) and after (P < 0.01) operation were significantly associated with overall and cancer-specific survival. On multivariate analysis of patients in whom preoperative CRP concentration was measured, age (P < 0.01), Dukes' stage (P < 0.05) and CRP concentration (P < 0.01) were independently associated with both overall and cancer-specific survival. In patients who have undergone potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer, the presence of a systemic inflammatory response predicts a poor outcome.
              Article 0 comments Cited 105 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Br J Cancer
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Br. J. Cancer
                Title: British Journal of Cancer
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
                ISSN (Print): 0007-0920
                ISSN (Electronic): 1532-1827
                Publication date (Print): 23 July 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 02 July 2013
                Volume: 109
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 401-407
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University , Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
                Author notes
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: bjc2013350
                DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.350
                PMC ID: 3721384
                PubMed ID: 23820256
                Copyright statement: Copyright © 2013 Cancer Research UK
                License:

                From twelve months after its original publication, this work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

                Categories
                Subject: Molecular Diagnostics

                Data availability:

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

                Keywords: thrombocytosis, combination of platelet count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, inflammation-based prognostic system, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, survival after surgery, systemic inflammatory response

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