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      Adaptación al español de cuatro instrumentos para evaluar la teoría de la mente en niños y adolescentes Translated title: Spanish adaptation of four instruments to asses Theory of Mind in Children and adolescents

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La teoría de la mente (ToM) es una de las dimensiones de la Cognición Social más relevantes y de gran interés para la investigación en psicología del desarrollo, psicología cognitiva, neuropsicología y neurociencias sociales, así como en la labor clínica. Esto ha conllevado a la generación de instrumentos validados para la evaluación de esta función; sin embargo, en español son pocos los que hay y aún menos los adaptados para población infantil y adolescente. Objetivo: En el presente trabajo se presenta la adaptación de la Batería de la ToM, el inventario de la ToM, el Test de Paso en Falso y el Test de la Mirada, cuatro instrumentos con tareas clásicas para evaluar la ToM. Método: El proceso de adaptación se hizo en dos fases, una de traducción al español y otra de adaptación cultural. Para verificar los resultados se hizo un pilotaje para todos los instrumentos con 20 participantes en edades entre 4 y 13 años y 20 participantes entre 6 y 17 años. Resultados: Se presentan los cuatro instrumentos adaptados en español con los principales ajustes en cada uno de ellos. Discusión: Se discute sobre la importancia de generar un protocolo de valoración de la ToM haciendo una validación estadística de estos instrumentos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Theory of Mind (ToM) is one of the most important dimensions of Social Cognition (SC); it is of great interest for research in Development Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Neuropsychology, and Social Neuroscience as well as for clinical practice. It has stimulated the creation and validation of instruments to asses this dimension as a cognitive process, but there are few instruments like these in Spanish and less to evaluating children and adolescents. Objective: This paper reports the adaptation into Spanish of four instruments to asses ToM: The Theory of Mind Battery, The Theory of Mind Inventory-2, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes and the Faux Pas Test. Method: The adaptation process was made in two steps first, translation and, second, cultural adaptation. To verify the results a pilot testing was carried out in two groups, one with children between 4 and 13 years old and other with children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years old. Results: Instruments adapted into Spanish are presented as results highlighting the main adjustments made to each tool. Discussion: The importance of creating a protocol with statistical validation to asses ToM are discussed.

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          Social cognition in schizophrenia.

          Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit impaired social cognition, which manifests as difficulties in identifying emotions, feeing connected to others, inferring people's thoughts and reacting emotionally to others. These social cognitive impairments interfere with social connections and are strong determinants of the degree of impaired daily functioning in such individuals. Here, we review recent findings from the fields of social cognition and social neuroscience and identify the social processes that are impaired in schizophrenia. We also consider empathy as an example of a complex social cognitive function that integrates several social processes and is impaired in schizophrenia. This information may guide interventions to improve social cognition in patients with this disorder.
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            Adversity, attachment, and mentalizing.

            The papers in this special issue offer evidence of personality disorder as a dysfunction of higher-order cognition, which is conceptualized variously as a disorder of mentalizing, metacognition, mindfulness, social cognition and reflective function. While there may be differences in the scope of these concepts, they all imply that higher-order mental processing is at the core of personality function. In this commentary, the authors use mentalizing as an umbrella term for these concepts, and argue that it is the complex interaction of adversity, attachment and mentalizing that leads to the characteristic symptoms of borderline personality disorder and other personality disorders. Evidence is provided from the papers in this special issue, comments made on the findings and further avenues for research are recommended.
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              Social cognition

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                psico
                Psicogente
                Psicogente
                Universidad Simón Bolívar (Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia )
                0124-0137
                December 2019
                : 22
                : 42
                : 255-281
                Affiliations
                [3] Barranquilla Atlántico orgnameUniversidad del Norte Colombia earistiz@ 123456uninorte.edu.co
                [1] Barranquilla Atlántico orgnameUniversidad Simón Bolívar Colombia wpinada1@ 123456unisimonbolivar.edu.co
                [4] Cali orgnameUniversidad de San Buenaventura Colombia juceossa@ 123456gmail.com
                [2] Barranquilla Atlántico orgnameUniversidad Simón Bolívar Colombia rrubio1@ 123456unisimonbolivar.edu.co
                Article
                S0124-01372019000200255 S0124-0137(19)02204200255
                10.17081/psico.22.42.3546
                7727d6e2-6d68-4cd8-bdc6-8503dd941b09

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 March 2019
                : 24 June 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 89, Pages: 27
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Resultado de Investigación

                adolescentes,teoría de la mente,test de la mirada,adolescents,faux pas,evaluación,reading the mind in the eyes test,theory of mind,cognición social,social cognition,assesment, children,niños

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