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      Patrones de prescripción de antidepresivos en pacientes afiliados al Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud de Colombia Translated title: Antidepressant prescription patterns in patients affiliated with the General Social Security Health System of Colombia

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Determinar los patrones de prescripción de medicamentos antidepresivos en un grupo de afiliados al Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud de Colombia. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo observacional con 9 881 pacientes medicados con antidepresivos, de ambos sexos, mayores de 5 años, con tratamiento continuo de agosto a octubre de 2009 y residentes en 56 ciudades colombianas. Se diseñó una base de datos sobre consumo de medicamentos, obtenidos por la empresa que distribuye los medicamentos a los pacientes. RESULTADOS: Edad promedio de 59,1 ± 16,1 años; 73,7% de los participantes fueron mujeres. Del total de pacientes, 83,3% recibían monoterapia y 16,7% dos o más antidepresivos. El orden de prescripción de los medicamentos fue: inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina 47,0%, atípicos 37,8%, tricíclicos 31,8%, inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina 1,8% e inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de norepinefrina 0,03%. Las combinaciones más empleadas fueron fluoxetina + trazodona (n = 1 029), amitriptilina + fluoxetina (n= 265), amitriptilina + trazodona (n = 122), fluoxetina + imipramina (n = 106) e imipramina + trazodona (n = 71). Las comedicaciones más prescritas fueron antihipertensivos (52,3%), hormona tiroidea (23,3%), antiinflamatorios (19,6%), antiepilépticos (15,4%), antidiabéticos (13,8%), ansiolíticos e hipnóticos (12,4%), antipsicóticos (7,4%), antiparkinsonianos (4,3%) y antineoplásicos (2,2%). CONCLUSIONES: Predominan hábitos de prescripción de medicamentos de alto valor terapéutico, principalmente en monoterapia antidepresiva. La mayoría de los antidepresivos se emplean en dosis menores que las recomendadas. Se plantea la necesidad de diseñar estrategias educativas para corregir algunos hábitos de prescripción e investigaciones que evalúen la efectividad del tratamiento

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: Determine patterns of antidepressive drug prescription in a group of patients affiliated with the General Social Security Health System in Colombia. METHODS: Observational descriptive study of 9 881 patients, of both sexes and older than 5 years of age, medicated with antidepressants and continuously treated from August to October 2009. The patients include residents from 56 Colombian cities. A database was designed based on the consumption of medicines obtained from the company that distributes them to the patients. RESULTS: The average age was 59.1 ± 16.1 years; 73.7% of the participants were women. Of the total number of patients, 83.3% were treated with monotherapy and 16.7% with two or more antidepressants. The order of the prescription of the medicines was: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, 47.0%; atypical, 37.8%; tricyclical, 31.8%; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and norepinephrine, 1.8%; and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, 0.03%. The combinations most used were fluoxetine + trazodone (n = 1 029); amitriptyline + fluoxetine (n = 265); amitriptyline + trazodone (n = 122); fluoxetine + imipramine (n = 106); and imipramine + trazodone (n = 71). The most prescribed co-medications were anti-hypertensives (52.3%); thyroid hormones (23.3%); anti-inflammatories (19.6%); anti-epileptics (15.4%); anti-diabetics (13.8%); anti-anxiety and hypnotics (12.4%); antipsychotics (7.4%); anti-Parkinsons (4.3%); and anti-neoplastics (2.2%). CONCLUSIONS: The practice of prescribing medicines with a high therapeutic value predominates, mainly for antidepressive monotherapy. Most of the antidepressants are prescribed at dosages lower than those recommended. There is a need to design educational strategies to correct some prescription practices and to conduct research

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          Depression as an aetiologic and prognostic factor in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of 6362 events among 146 538 participants in 54 observational studies.

          With negative treatment trials, the role of depression as an aetiological or prognostic factor in coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. We quantified the effect of depression on CHD, assessing the extent of confounding by coronary risk factors and disease severity. Meta-analysis of cohort studies measuring depression with follow-up for fatal CHD/incident myocardial infarction (aetiological) or all-cause mortality/fatal CHD (prognostic). We searched MEDLINE and Science Citation Index until December 2003. In 21 aetiological studies, the pooled relative risk of future CHD associated with depression was 1.81 (95% CI 1.53-2.15). Adjusted results were included for 11 studies, with adjustment reducing the crude effect marginally from 2.08 (1.69-2.55) to 1.90 (1.49-2.42). In 34 prognostic studies, the pooled relative risk was 1.80 (1.50-2.15). Results adjusted for left ventricular function result were available in only eight studies; and this attenuated the relative risk from 2.18 to 1.53 (1.11-2.10), a 48% reduction. Both aetiological and prognostic studies without adjusted results had lower unadjusted effect sizes than studies from which adjusted results were included (P<0.01). Depression has yet to be established as an independent risk factor for CHD because of incomplete and biased availability of adjustment for conventional risk factors and severity of coronary disease.
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            Prevalence of depression in patients with cancer.

            Depression is the psychiatric syndrome that has received the most attention in individuals with cancer. The study of depression has been a challenge because symptoms occur on a broad spectrum that ranges from sadness to major affective disorder and because mood change is often difficult to evaluate when a patient is confronted by repeated threats to life, is receiving cancer treatments, is fatigued, or is experiencing pain. Although many research groups have assessed depression in cancer patients since the 1960s, the reported prevalence (major depression, 0%-38%; depression spectrum syndromes, 0%-58%) varies significantly because of varying conceptualizations of depression, different criteria used to define depression, differences in methodological approaches to the measurement of depression, and different populations studied. Depression is highly associated with oropharyngeal (22%-57%), pancreatic (33%-50%), breast (1.5%-46%), and lung (11%-44%) cancers. A less high prevalence of depression is reported in patients with other cancers, such as colon (13%-25%), gynecological (12%-23%), and lymphoma (8%-19%). This report reviews the prevalence of depression in cancer patients throughout the course of cancer.
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              Prevalence, course, and comorbidity of insomnia and depression in young adults.

              (1) To describe the prevalence and prospective course of insomnia in a representative young-adult sample and (2) to describe the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between insomnia and depression. Longitudinal cohort study. Community of Zurich, Switzerland. Representative stratified population sample. None. The Zurich Study prospectively assessed psychiatric, physical, and sleep symptoms in a community sample of young adults (n=591) with 6 interviews spanning 20 years. We distinguished 4 duration-based subtypes of insomnia: 1-month insomnia associated with significant distress, 2- to 3-week insomnia, recurrent brief insomnia, and occasional brief insomnia. The annual prevalence of 1-month insomnia increased gradually over time, with a cumulative prevalence rate of 20% and a greater than 2-fold risk among women. In 40% of subjects, insomnia developed into more chronic forms over time. Insomnia either with or without comorbid depression was highly stable over time. Insomnia lasting 2 weeks or longer predicted major depressive episodes and major depressive disorder at subsequent interviews; 17% to 50% of subjects with insomnia lasting 2 weeks or longer developed a major depressive episode in a later interview. "Pure" insomnia and "pure" depression were not longitudinally related to each other, whereas insomnia comorbid with depression was longitudinally related to both. This longitudinal study confirms the persistent nature of insomnia and the increased risk of subsequent depression among individuals with insomnia. The data support a spectrum of insomnia (defined by duration and frequency) comorbid with, rather than secondary to, depression.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpsp
                Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
                Rev Panam Salud Publica
                Organización Panamericana de la Salud (Washington, Washington, United States )
                1020-4989
                1680-5348
                November 2011
                : 30
                : 5
                : 461-468
                Affiliations
                [01] Pereira orgnameUniversidad Tecnológica de Pereira orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Colombia
                Article
                S1020-49892011001100009 S1020-4989(11)03000509
                10.1590/s1020-49892011001100009
                22262273
                773c374e-7bed-4dc3-83a9-51443e26a3c0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 June 2011
                : 06 January 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículos de Investigación Original

                amitriptilina,agentes antidepresivos,fluoxetine,Colombia,trazodona,fluoxetina,prescripciones de medicamentos,trazodone,amitriptyline,Depressive disorder,antidepressive agents,drug prescriptions,imipramine,Trastorno depresivo,imipramina

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