Age and sex related changes in fattening performance, dermatitis, intestinal histomorphology, and serum IgG level of slow- and fast-growing broilers under the intensive system.

Abstract

Due to consumers' concerns about broiler welfare, slow-growing broilers (SGB) have also been used in production. Fast-growing broilers (FGB) reach slaughter weight earlier the slow growing. This study was aimed to determine the sex-related changes in fattening performance, dermatitis, intestinal histomorphology, and serum IgG level of SGB and FGB under the intensive system during the 10 weeks. A total of 336 one-day-old broilers were distributed into four equal groups (FGB-female, FGB-male, SGB-female, and SGB-male) consisting of a 2 × 2 factorial design. The main factors were genotype (FGB and SGB) and sex (female and male). Each treatment had 6 duplicates consisting of 14 broilers. They were placed on the litter pens. The experiment lasted 10 weeks. The body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed-to-gain ratio were determined weekly during the experiment. One broiler close to the average body weight from each pen (6 broilers in the group) has been slaughtered each week and intestinal histomorphology was determined. Additionally, IgG levels in the blood and dermatitis were determined. While the period in which the body weight gain was the highest in the FGB was up to 6 week of age, this period lasted until the 7 week of age in the SGB (P < 0.001). It has been determined that FGB have the best feed efficiency ability during both 6 weeks of fattening period and 10 weeks of fattening period (P < 0.001). The difference between the sex in terms of the feed efficiency appeared after the age of 4 weeks and this difference continued until the age of 9 weeks (P < 0.01). It was determined that villus height, crypt depth, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum region were higher in FGB from the age of 1 week than in SGB (P < 0.05). It was observed that the incidence of dermatitis increased in the FGB (P < 0.001). It has been determined that the genotype (P < 0.01) and period (P < 0.001) were effective according to the IgG level. These results indicate that 7 and 8 weeks can be considered important periods in terms of economic efficiency in SGB and FGB reared for 10 weeks under the same management systems and it was observed that both genotypes would be more susceptible to diseases at the age of 6 weeks.