The Longitudinal Associations Between Discrimination, Depressive Symptoms, and Prosocial Behaviors in U.S. Latino/a Recent Immigrant Adolescents.

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Abstract

The links between discrimination and adjustment in U.S. Latino/a immigrant adolescents is an important but understudied phenomenon. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations (across 1 year) among discrimination, prosocial behaviors, and depressive symptoms in U.S. Latino immigrant adolescents using two competing models: associations between discrimination and prosocial behaviors via depressive symptoms (mental health strain model), and associations between discrimination and depressive symptoms via prosocial behaviors (prosociality strain model). Participants were 302 Latino/a recent immigrant adolescents (53.3 % boys, M age = 14.51 years at Time 1, SD = .88 years) who completed measures of discrimination, depressive symptoms, and prosocial behaviors at 6-month intervals. The results provided support for both proposed models. The discussion examines the importance of prosocial behaviors in understanding adjustment and effects of discrimination among recently immigrated U.S. Latino adolescents.

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Most cited references 36

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The social psychology of stigma.

Brenda Major, Laurie T O'Brien (2005)

This chapter addresses the psychological effects of social stigma. Stigma directly affects the stigmatized via mechanisms of discrimination, expectancy confirmation, and automatic stereotype activation, and indirectly via threats to personal and social identity. We review and organize recent theory and empirical research within an identity threat model of stigma. This model posits that situational cues, collective representations of one's stigma status, and personal beliefs and motives shape appraisals of the significance of stigma-relevant situations for well-being. Identity threat results when stigma-relevant stressors are appraised as potentially harmful to one's social identity and as exceeding one's coping resources. Identity threat creates involuntary stress responses and motivates attempts at threat reduction through coping strategies. Stress responses and coping efforts affect important outcomes such as self-esteem, academic achievement, and health. Identity threat perspectives help to explain the tremendous variability across people, groups, and situations in responses to stigma.

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Testing for Factorial Invariance in the Context of Construct Validation

D. M. Dimitrov (2010)

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Distress and empathy: two qualitatively distinct vicarious emotions with different motivational consequences.

C Batson, Jim Fultz, Patricia A. Schoenrade (1987)

The construct of empathy may be located conceptually at several different points in the network of interpersonal cognition and emotion. We discuss one specific form of emotional empathy--other-focused feelings evoked by perceiving another person in need. First, evidence is reviewed suggesting that there are at least two distinct types of congruent emotional responses to perceiving another in need: feelings of personal distress (e.g., alarmed, upset, worried, disturbed, distressed, troubled, etc.) and feelings of empathy (e.g., sympathetic, moved, compassionate, tender, warm, softhearted, etc.). Next, evidence is reviewed suggesting that these two emotional responses have different motivational consequences. Personal distress seems to evoke egoistic motivation to reduce one's own aversive arousal, as a traditional Hullian tension-reduction model would propose. Empathy does not. The motivation evoked by empathy may instead be altruistic, for the ultimate goal seems to be reduction of the other's need, not reduction of one's own aversive arousal. Overall, the recent empirical evidence appears to support the more differentiated view of emotion and motivation proposed long ago by McDougall, not the unitary view proposed by Hull and his followers.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Youth Adolesc

Title: Journal of youth and adolescence

Publisher: Springer Nature

ISSN (Electronic): 1573-6601

ISSN (Print): 0047-2891

Publication date (Electronic): Mar 2016

Volume: 45

Issue: 3

Affiliations

[1 ] University of Missouri, 314 Gentry Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. andm9d@mail.missouri.edu.

[2 ] University of Missouri, 410 Gentry Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.

[3 ] Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 N.W. 14th Street, 10th Floor, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

[4 ] Institute for Prevention Research (IPR), University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto Street, 3rd Floor, MC 9239, SSB 302P, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.

[5 ] Smith College, Northampton, MA, 01063, USA.

[6 ] Barnwell College, University of South Carolina, Room 461, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.

[7 ] Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street AHC 5-488, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.

[8 ] University of South Carolina, SSB 302K, 2001 N Soto Street, Suite 201-D, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.

[9 ] University of Georgia, 208 Family Science Center, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.

[10 ] University of Missouri, 314 Gentry Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.

[11 ] Texas Tech University, MS 2051 Psychological Sciences Building, Lubbock, TX, 79409-2051, USA.

[12 ] InVentiv Health Clinical, 504 Carnegie Center, Princeton, NJ, 08543, USA.

[13 ] Krek School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.

Article

Publisher Item ID: 10.1007/s10964-015-0394-x

DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0394-x

PubMed ID: 26597783

SO-VID: 7792271b-cca6-44e0-928a-9ce1d8b9731f

History

Keywords: Depressive symptoms,Discrimination,Prosocial behaviors,U.S. Latina/o youth

Data availability:

Keywords: Depressive symptoms, Discrimination, Prosocial behaviors, U.S. Latina/o youth

The Longitudinal Associations Between Discrimination, Depressive Symptoms, and Prosocial Behaviors in U.S. Latino/a Recent Immigrant Adolescents.

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Abstract

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Most cited references 36

The social psychology of stigma.

Testing for Factorial Invariance in the Context of Construct Validation

Distress and empathy: two qualitatively distinct vicarious emotions with different motivational consequences.

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