Transgender men who experienced pregnancy after female-to-male gender transitioning.

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Abstract

To conduct a cross-sectional study of transgender men who had been pregnant and delivered after transitioning from female-to-male gender to help guide practice and further investigation.

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Most cited references 18

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Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7

Kate E. Coleman, W Bockting, M. Botzer … (2012)

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Endocrine treatment of transsexual persons: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline.

Wylie Hembree, Peggy Cohen-Kettenis, Henriette Delemarre-van de Waal … (2009)

The aim was to formulate practice guidelines for endocrine treatment of transsexual persons. This evidence-based guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to describe the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence, which was low or very low. Committees and members of The Endocrine Society, European Society of Endocrinology, European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology, Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, and World Professional Association for Transgender Health commented on preliminary drafts of these guidelines. Transsexual persons seeking to develop the physical characteristics of the desired gender require a safe, effective hormone regimen that will 1) suppress endogenous hormone secretion determined by the person's genetic/biologic sex and 2) maintain sex hormone levels within the normal range for the person's desired gender. A mental health professional (MHP) must recommend endocrine treatment and participate in ongoing care throughout the endocrine transition and decision for surgical sex reassignment. The endocrinologist must confirm the diagnostic criteria the MHP used to make these recommendations. Because a diagnosis of transsexualism in a prepubertal child cannot be made with certainty, we do not recommend endocrine treatment of prepubertal children. We recommend treating transsexual adolescents (Tanner stage 2) by suppressing puberty with GnRH analogues until age 16 years old, after which cross-sex hormones may be given. We suggest suppressing endogenous sex hormones, maintaining physiologic levels of gender-appropriate sex hormones and monitoring for known risks in adult transsexual persons.

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Exploring the diversity of gender and sexual orientation identities in an online sample of transgender individuals.

Laura E Kuper, Robin Nussbaum, Brian Mustanski (2012)

Although the term transgender is increasingly used to refer to those whose gender identity or expression diverges from culturally defined categories of sex and gender, less is known about the self-identities of those who fall within this category. Historically, recruitment of transgender populations has also been limited to specialized clinics and support groups. This study was conducted online, with the aim of exploring the gender identities, sexual orientation identities, and surgery and hormonal statuses of those who identify with a gender identity other than, or in addition to, that associated with their birth sex (n = 292). Genderqueer was the most commonly endorsed gender identity, and pansexual and queer were the most commonly endorsed sexual orientation identities. Participants indentified with a mean of 2.5 current gender identities, 1.4 past gender identities, and 2 past sexual orientation identities. The majority of participants either did not desire or were unsure of their desire to take hormones or undergo sexual reassignment surgery. However, birth sex and age were significant predictors of "bottom" surgery and hormone status/desire, along with several identities and orientations. This study explores explanations and implications for these patterns of identification, along with the potential distinctiveness of this sample.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Obstet Gynecol

Title: Obstetrics and gynecology

ISSN (Electronic): 1873-233X

ISSN (Print): 0029-7844

Publication date (Electronic): Dec 2014

Volume: 124

Issue: 6

Affiliations

[1 ] Washington Hospital Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington, DC; the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, and the University of California, San Francisco Center of Excellence for Transgender Health, San Francisco, California.

Article

Publisher Item ID: 00006250-201412000-00009

DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000540

PubMed ID: 25415163

SO-VID: 77939501-1f9d-458f-a7ca-1044db8bff89

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Transgender men who experienced pregnancy after female-to-male gender transitioning.

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Abstract

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Pneumonia, sex, and the environment

Most cited references 18

Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7

Endocrine treatment of transsexual persons: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline.

Exploring the diversity of gender and sexual orientation identities in an online sample of transgender individuals.

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