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      Post-Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff formalism for relativistic stars

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          Abstract

          Besides their astrophysical interest, compact stars also provide an arena for understanding the properties of theories of gravity that differ from Einstein's general relativity. Numerous studies have shown that different modified theories of gravity can modify the bulk properties (such as mass and radius) of neutron stars for given assumptions on the microphysics. What is not usually stressed though is the strong degeneracy in the predictions of these theories for the stellar mass and radius. Motivated by this observation, in this paper we take an alternative route and construct a stellar structure formalism which, without adhering to any particular theory of gravity, describes in a simple parametrized form the departure from compact stars in general relativity. This "post-Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV)" formalism for spherical static stars is inspired by the well-known parametrized post-Newtonian theory, extended to second post-Newtonian order by adding suitable correction terms to the fully relativistic TOV equations. We show how neutron star properties are modified within our formalism, paying special attention to the effect of each correction term. We also show that the formalism is equivalent to general relativity with an "effective" (gravity-modified) equation of state.

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          Hyperonic matter

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            I-Love-Q

            Neutron stars and quark stars are not only characterized by their mass and radius, but also by how fast they spin, through their moment of inertia, and how much they can be deformed, through their Love number and quadrupole moment. These depend sensitively on the star's internal structure, and thus on unknown nuclear physics. We find universal relations between the moment of inertia, the Love number and the quadrupole moment that are independent of the neutron star's and quark star's internal structure. These can be used to learn about the deformability of these compact objects through observations of the moment of inertia, break degeneracies in gravitational wave detection to measure spin in binary inspirals and test General Relativity in a nuclear-structure independent fashion.
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              A relativistic nuclear field theory with π and ρ mesons

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                2015-04-09
                2015-07-31
                Article
                10.1103/PhysRevD.92.024056
                1504.02455
                77c4de95-8433-4eca-96d9-578a3d718a88

                http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

                History
                Custom metadata
                Phys. Rev. D 92, 024056 (2015)
                25 pages, 11 figures, 1 table. Minor changes to match version published in PRD
                gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph

                General relativity & Quantum cosmology,High energy & Particle physics,High energy astrophysical phenomena

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