Using paleo-archives to safeguard biodiversity under climate change

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Strategies for 21st-century environmental management and conservation under global change require a strong understanding of the biological mechanisms that mediate responses to climate- and human-driven change to successfully mitigate range contractions, extinctions, and the degradation of ecosystem services. Biodiversity responses to past rapid warming events can be followed in situ and over extended periods, using cross-disciplinary approaches that provide cost-effective and scalable information for species’ conservation and the maintenance of resilient ecosystems in many bioregions. Beyond the intrinsic knowledge gain such integrative research will increasingly provide the context, tools, and relevant case studies to assist in mitigating climate-driven biodiversity losses in the 21st century and beyond.

Related collections

Most cited references 95

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design

Karl E. Taylor, Ronald J Stouffer, Gerald Meehl (2012)

The fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) will produce a state-of-the- art multimodel dataset designed to advance our knowledge of climate variability and climate change. Researchers worldwide are analyzing the model output and will produce results likely to underlie the forthcoming Fifth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Unprecedented in scale and attracting interest from all major climate modeling groups, CMIP5 includes “long term” simulations of twentieth-century climate and projections for the twenty-first century and beyond. Conventional atmosphere–ocean global climate models and Earth system models of intermediate complexity are for the first time being joined by more recently developed Earth system models under an experiment design that allows both types of models to be compared to observations on an equal footing. Besides the longterm experiments, CMIP5 calls for an entirely new suite of “near term” simulations focusing on recent decades and the future to year 2035. These “decadal predictions” are initialized based on observations and will be used to explore the predictability of climate and to assess the forecast system's predictive skill. The CMIP5 experiment design also allows for participation of stand-alone atmospheric models and includes a variety of idealized experiments that will improve understanding of the range of model responses found in the more complex and realistic simulations. An exceptionally comprehensive set of model output is being collected and made freely available to researchers through an integrated but distributed data archive. For researchers unfamiliar with climate models, the limitations of the models and experiment design are described.

0 comments Cited 5220 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Global warming preceded by increasing carbon dioxide concentrations during the last deglaciation.

Jeremy D. Shakun, Peter U. Clark, Feng He … (2012)

The covariation of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentration and temperature in Antarctic ice-core records suggests a close link between CO(2) and climate during the Pleistocene ice ages. The role and relative importance of CO(2) in producing these climate changes remains unclear, however, in part because the ice-core deuterium record reflects local rather than global temperature. Here we construct a record of global surface temperature from 80 proxy records and show that temperature is correlated with and generally lags CO(2) during the last (that is, the most recent) deglaciation. Differences between the respective temperature changes of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere parallel variations in the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation recorded in marine sediments. These observations, together with transient global climate model simulations, support the conclusion that an antiphased hemispheric temperature response to ocean circulation changes superimposed on globally in-phase warming driven by increasing CO(2) concentrations is an explanation for much of the temperature change at the end of the most recent ice age.

0 comments Cited 391 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Record: found
Abstract: not found
Article: not found

The Community Climate System Model Version 4

Peter R. Gent, Gokhan Danabasoglu, Leo Donner … (2011)

0 comments Cited 295 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Damien A. Fordham: (View ORCID Profile)

Stephen T. Jackson: (View ORCID Profile)

Stuart C. Brown: (View ORCID Profile)

Brian Huntley: (View ORCID Profile)

Barry W. Brook: (View ORCID Profile)

M. Thomas P. Gilbert: (View ORCID Profile)

Bette L. Otto-Bliesner: (View ORCID Profile)

Anders Svensson: (View ORCID Profile)

Spyros Theodoridis: (View ORCID Profile)

Janet M. Wilmshurst: (View ORCID Profile)

Jessie C. Buettel: (View ORCID Profile)

Elisabetta Canteri: (View ORCID Profile)

Matthew McDowell: (View ORCID Profile)

Ludovic Orlando: (View ORCID Profile)

Julia Pilowsky: (View ORCID Profile)

Carsten Rahbek: (View ORCID Profile)

David Nogues-Bravo: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Title: Science

Abbreviated Title: Science

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

ISSN (Print): 0036-8075

ISSN (Electronic): 1095-9203

Publication date Created: August 27 2020

Publication date Created: August 28 2020

Publication date (Electronic): August 27 2020

Publication date (Print): August 28 2020

Volume: 369

Issue: 6507

Page: eabc5654

Affiliations

[1 ]The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.

[2 ]Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark.

[3 ]Southwest and South Central Climate Adaptation Science Centers, U.S. Geological Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

[4 ]Department of Geosciences and School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

[5 ]Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.

[6 ]School of Natural Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.

[7 ]Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark.

[8 ]Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada.

[9 ]Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark.

[10 ]University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

[11 ]Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA.

[12 ]Long-Term Ecology Laboratory, Manaaki Whenua–Landcare Research, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand.

[13 ]School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.

[14 ]Laboratoire d’Anthropobiologie Moléculaire et d’Imagerie de Synthèse UMR 5288, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, France.

[15 ]Section for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark.

[16 ]Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK.

[17 ]Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

[18 ]Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Article

DOI: 10.1126/science.abc5654

PubMed ID: 32855310

SO-VID: 77cf44b9-0e3a-4521-8031-0ef4364cac0c

License:

https://www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse

History

Data availability:

Comments

Comment on this article

Cited by 62

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 2,379

See all reference authors