11
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Farmacogenética y respuesta analgésica: hacia una medicina personalizada con análisis de las diferencias por sexo Translated title: Pharmacogenetics in analgesic response: towards a sex-differences personalized medicine

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          RESUMEN El dolor crónico supone una epidemia silenciosa que afecta a 1 de cada 5 personas adultas en Europa. Este hecho convive con el abuso que realizan algunos pacientes de los medicamentos analgésicos, circunstancia que está limitando su prescripción en el dolor crónico no oncológico. El reto sería poder seleccionar las personas que, a priori, tendrían una mejor respuesta analgésica en base a una serie de condicionamientos intrínsecos. La presente revisión analiza las diferencias en base al sexo y a la presencia de ciertas variantes en los genes que codifican el receptor opioide mu (OPRM1), la enzima metabolizadora del citocromo CYP2D6 y la catecol-O-metiltransferasa (COMT) que degrada catecolaminas. El objetivo es suministrar potenciales elementos explicativos que puedan orientar al profesional clínico en la selección de una analgesia más personalizada.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Chronic pain is a silent epidemic, affecting 1 in 5 adults in Europe. This fact coexists with the abuse of analgesic drugs by some patients, a circumstance that is limiting their prescription in chronic non-cancer pain. The challenge would be to be able to select the people who, a priori, would have a better analgesic response based on a series of intrinsic conditions. This review analyzes the differences based on sex and the presence of certain variants in the genes that encode the mu opioid receptor (OPRM1), the cytochrome metabolizing enzyme CYP2D6 and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) that degrades catecholamines. The objective is to provide potentially explanatory elements that can guide the clinical professional in the selection of a more personalized analgesia.

          Related collections

          Most cited references80

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice.

          A large and rapidly increasing body of evidence indicates that microglia-to-neuron signaling is essential for chronic pain hypersensitivity. Using multiple approaches, we found that microglia are not required for mechanical pain hypersensitivity in female mice; female mice achieved similar levels of pain hypersensitivity using adaptive immune cells, likely T lymphocytes. This sexual dimorphism suggests that male mice cannot be used as proxies for females in pain research.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Sex differences in pain: a brief review of clinical and experimental findings.

            Recent years have witnessed substantially increased research regarding sex differences in pain. The expansive body of literature in this area clearly suggests that men and women differ in their responses to pain, with increased pain sensitivity and risk for clinical pain commonly being observed among women. Also, differences in responsivity to pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain interventions have been observed; however, these effects are not always consistent and appear dependent on treatment type and characteristics of both the pain and the provider. Although the specific aetiological basis underlying these sex differences is unknown, it seems inevitable that multiple biological and psychosocial processes are contributing factors. For instance, emerging evidence suggests that genotype and endogenous opioid functioning play a causal role in these disparities, and considerable literature implicates sex hormones as factors influencing pain sensitivity. However, the specific modulatory effect of sex hormones on pain among men and women requires further exploration. Psychosocial processes such as pain coping and early-life exposure to stress may also explain sex differences in pain, in addition to stereotypical gender roles that may contribute to differences in pain expression. Therefore, this review will provide a brief overview of the extant literature examining sex-related differences in clinical and experimental pain, and highlights several biopsychosocial mechanisms implicated in these male-female differences. The future directions of this field of research are discussed with an emphasis aimed towards further elucidation of mechanisms which may inform future efforts to develop sex-specific treatments.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found
              Is Open Access

              Clinical guidelines for the use of chronic opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain.

              Use of chronic opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain has increased substantially. The American Pain Society and the American Academy of Pain Medicine commissioned a systematic review of the evidence on chronic opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain and convened a multidisciplinary expert panel to review the evidence and formulate recommendations. Although evidence is limited, the expert panel concluded that chronic opioid therapy can be an effective therapy for carefully selected and monitored patients with chronic noncancer pain. However, opioids are also associated with potentially serious harms, including opioid-related adverse effects and outcomes related to the abuse potential of opioids. The recommendations presented in this document provide guidance on patient selection and risk stratification; informed consent and opioid management plans; initiation and titration of chronic opioid therapy; use of methadone; monitoring of patients on chronic opioid therapy; dose escalations, high-dose opioid therapy, opioid rotation, and indications for discontinuation of therapy; prevention and management of opioid-related adverse effects; driving and work safety; identifying a medical home and when to obtain consultation; management of breakthrough pain; chronic opioid therapy in pregnancy; and opioid-related policies. Safe and effective chronic opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain requires clinical skills and knowledge in both the principles of opioid prescribing and on the assessment and management of risks associated with opioid abuse, addiction, and diversion. Although evidence is limited in many areas related to use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain, this guideline provides recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel after a systematic review of the evidence.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                dolor
                Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor
                Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor
                Inspira Network Group, S.L (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1134-8046
                April 2023
                : 30
                : 2
                : 115-124
                Affiliations
                [2] Alicante orgnameInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL) España
                [3] Elche, Alicante orgnameUniversidad Miguel Hernández orgdiv1Instituto de Bioingenería orgdiv2Departamento de Farmacología Clínica, Pediatría y Química Orgánica España
                [1] Alicante orgnameHospital General Universitario de Alicante orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacología Clínica España
                Article
                S1134-80462023000200008 S1134-8046(23)03000200008
                10.20986/resed.2023.4042/2022
                788c3380-f2ec-4e81-b73f-0ec1c07ff04c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 May 2023
                : 16 November 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 80, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Revisión

                diferencias por sexo,CYP2D6,OPRM1,pharmacogenetics,Chronic pain,farmacogenética,crónico,sex-differences

                Comments

                Comment on this article