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      Posição socioeconômica no curso de vida e comportamentos de risco relacionados à saúde: ELSA-Brasil Translated title: Lifetime socioeconomic status and health-related risk behaviors: the ELSA-Brazil study Translated title: Posición socioeconómica en el curso de vida y comportamientos de riesgo relacionados con la salud: ELSA-Brasil

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          Abstract

          Nosso objetivo foi investigar a associação da posição socioeconômica no curso de vida e da mobilidade social intrageracional com o baixo consumo de frutas e hortaliças, inatividade física no lazer e tabagismo entre 13.216 homens e mulheres participantes da linha de base do ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010). A posição socioeconômica na infância, juventude e vida adulta foi aferida pela escolaridade materna, classe sócio-ocupacional da primeira ocupação e classe sócio-ocupacional da ocupação atual, respectivamente. Desvantagens sociais na vida adulta foram consistentemente associadas à maior prevalência dos três comportamentos analisados em homens e mulheres. Entretanto, a posição socioeconômica na juventude e infância foi associada aos comportamentos de forma menos consistente. Por exemplo, enquanto a baixa escolaridade materna reduziu a chance de tabagismo passado (mulheres) e atual (homens e mulheres), ela foi associada à maior chance de inatividade física no lazer entre as mulheres. Já a exposição à baixa posição socioeconômica na juventude aumentou as chances de tabagismo passado (homens e mulheres) e atual (mulheres). A análise das trajetórias sociais deu suporte adicional à maior importância das desvantagens na vida adulta para comportamentos de risco, já que apenas indivíduos que ascenderam para a classe socio-ocupacional alta não apresentaram maior chance destes comportamentos quando comparados aos participantes que sempre pertenceram à classe sócio-ocupacional alta. Nossos resultados apontam que desvantagens socioeconômicas na vida adulta parecem ser mais relevantes para comportamentos de risco do que as desvantagens na infância e adolescência.

          Translated abstract

          Our objective was to investigate the association between lifetime socioeconomic status and intra-generational social mobility and low consumption of fruits and vegetables, leisure-time physical inactivity, and smoking among 13,216 men and women participating in the baseline of the ELSA-Brazil study (2008-2010). Socioeconomic status in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood was measured by maternal schooling, socio-occupational class of the first occupation, and socio-occupational class of the current occupation, respectively. Social disadvantages in adulthood were consistently associated with higher prevalence of the three behaviors analyzed in men and women. However, socioeconomic status in youth and childhood was less consistently associated with the behaviors. For example, while low maternal schooling reduced the odds of past smoking (women) and current smoking (men and women), it was associated with higher odds of leisure-time physical inactivity in women. Meanwhile, low socioeconomic status in youth increased the odds of past smoking (men and women) and current smoking (women). Analysis of social trajectories lent additional support to the relevance of disadvantages in adulthood for risk behaviors, since only individuals that rose to the high socio-occupational class did not show higher odds of these behaviors when compared to participants that had always belonged to the high socio-occupational class. Our findings indicate that socioeconomic disadvantages in adulthood appear to be more relevant for risk behaviors than disadvantages in childhood and adolescence.

          Translated abstract

          Nuestro objetivo fue investigar la asociación de la posición socioeconómica en el curso de vida y de la movilidad social intrageneracional, con el bajo consumo de frutas y hortalizas, inactividad física en el tiempo libre y tabaquismo entre 13.216 hombres y mujeres, participantes de la línea de base del ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010). La posición socioeconómica durante la infancia, juventud y vida adulta se midió por la escolaridad materna, clase socio-ocupacional de la primera ocupación y clase socio-ocupacional de la ocupación actual, respectivamente. Las desventajas sociales en la vida adulta fueron consistentemente asociadas a una mayor prevalencia de los tres comportamientos analizados en hombres y mujeres. Entretanto, la posición socioeconómica en la juventud e infancia se asoció a los comportamientos de forma menos consistentes. Por ejemplo, en cuanto a la baja escolaridad materna redujo la oportunidad de tabaquismo pasado (mujeres) y actual (hombres y mujeres), ésta se asoció a una mayor oportunidad de inactividad física en el tiempo libre entre las mujeres. Ya la exposición a la baja posición socioeconómica en la juventud aumentó las oportunidades de tabaquismo pasado (hombres y mujeres) y actual (mujeres). El análisis de las trayectorias sociales dio apoyo adicional a la mayor importancia de las desventajas en la vida adulta para comportamientos de riesgo, ya que sólo individuos que ascendieron a la clase socio-ocupacional alta no presentaron una mayor oportunidad de estos comportamientos, cuando se comparan con los participantes que siempre pertenecieron a la clase socio-ocupacional alta. Nuestros resultados apuntan que las desventajas socioeconómicas en la vida adulta parecen ser más relevantes para comportamientos de riesgo que las desventajas en la infancia y adolescencia.

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          Most cited references36

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          Health lifestyle theory and the convergence of agency and structure.

          This article utilizes the agency-structure debate as a framework for constructing a health lifestyle theory. No such theory currently exists, yet the need for one is underscored by the fact that many daily lifestyle practices involve considerations of health outcomes. An individualist paradigm has influenced concepts of health lifestyles in several disciplines, but this approach neglects the structural dimensions of such lifestyles and has limited applicability to the empirical world. The direction of this article is to present a theory of health lifestyles that includes considerations of both agency and structure, with an emphasis upon restoring structure to its appropriate position. The article begins by defining agency and structure, followed by presentation of a health lifestyle model and the theoretical and empirical studies that support it.
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            s: The factors underlying socioeconomic status differences in smoking, leisure time physical activity, and dietary choice are poorly understood. This study investigated attitudes and beliefs that might underlie behavioural choices, including health locus of control, future salience, subjective life expectancy, and health consciousness, in a nationally representative sample. Data were collected as part of the monthly Omnibus survey of the Office of National Statistics in Britain. A stratified, probability sample of 2728 households was selected by random sampling of addresses. One adult from each household was interviewed. Higher SES respondents were less likely to smoke and more likely to exercise and eat fruit and vegetables daily. Lower SES was associated with less health consciousness (thinking about things to do to keep healthy), stronger beliefs in the influence of chance on health, less thinking about the future, and lower life expectancies. These attitudinal factors were in turn associated with unhealthy behavioural choices, independently of age, sex, and self rated health. Socioeconomic differences in healthy lifestyles are associated with differences in attitudes to health that may themselves arise through variations in life opportunities and exposure to material hardship and ill health over the life course.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                2017
                : 33
                : 3
                : e00017916
                Affiliations
                [1] Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [4] Salvador Bahia orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Instituto Gonçalo Moniz Brazil
                [2] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Brazil
                [3] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca Brazil
                Article
                S0102-311X2017000305005 S0102-311X(17)03300305005
                10.1590/0102-311x00017916
                28380138
                78f8f853-a3f8-4bd7-9d5f-61ec3b1dd124

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 February 2016
                : 08 July 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 46, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)

                Classe Social,Conductas Saludables,Movilidad Social,Social Mobility,Clase Social,Comportamentos Saudáveis,Mobilidade Social,Health Behavior,Social Class

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