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      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Physiological Response to Superantigen-Adsorbing Hemoperfusion in Toxin-Concentration-Controlled Septic Swine

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          Abstract

          Background/Aims: Superantigens are suspected of being potent initiators of gram-positive sepsis, and new therapies for superantigen elimination are required. The effects of hemoadsorption with a superantigen-adsorbing device (SAAD) were evaluated in septic swine. Methods: Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) was infused, and blood concentration was maintained at the clinical level for 6 h. Endotoxin was then infused to induce lethal shock. All animals were hemoperfused with SAAD or a control column for 8 h and changes in pathological parameters and mortality were examined. Results: Animals perfused with SAAD had a highly significant (p < 0.01) survival advantage compared with control groups at 24 h after initiation of the TSST-1 infusion. SAAD also suppressed the increase in the arteriovenous shunt ratio and decrease of partial arterial oxygen pressure at 6 h after TSST-1 infusion initiation. Conclusion: We suggest that there is a potential application of SAAD in treating superantigen-induced respiratory dysfunction and sepsis.

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          Most cited references11

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          Bacterial superantigens.

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            Report of the American-European consensus conference on ARDS: Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes and clinical trial coordination

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              Superantigens: microbial agents that corrupt immunity.

              Microbial superantigens are a family of protein exotoxins that share the ability to trigger excessive and aberrant activation of T cells. The best characterised are the staphylococcal enterotoxins and the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins that trigger the staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndromes. It is now apparent that superantigens have a wider role in the pathology of infectious diseases than has previously been appreciated. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes together produce 19 different superantigens. The range of microorganisms known to produce superantigens has expanded to include Gram negative bacteria, mycoplasma, and viruses. Research is beginning to shed light on the more subtle parts these molecules play in causing disease and to produce some real possibilities for specific treatment of superantigen-induced toxicity. We aim to highlight these new developments and review the science behind these fascinating molecules.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                BPU
                Blood Purif
                10.1159/issn.0253-5068
                Blood Purification
                S. Karger AG
                0253-5068
                1421-9735
                2006
                April 2006
                27 April 2006
                : 24
                : 3
                : 319-326
                Affiliations
                aNew Frontiers Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc., Kanagawa; bSpecialty Material Research Laboratories, Toray Industries Inc., Shiga; cFifth Department of Surgery, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, and dDivision of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
                Article
                91851 Blood Purif 2006;24:319–326
                10.1159/000091851
                16534194
                7950bae0-778d-43df-a804-d6391522f306
                © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                : 20 July 2005
                : 08 September 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 1, References: 19, Pages: 8
                Categories
                Original Paper

                Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
                Sepsis,Multiple organ dysfunctions,Superantigen,Animal model, swine

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