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      Commercially Successful Blockchain Healthcare Projects: A Scoping Review

      review-article
      1 , 2 , * ,
      Blockchain in Healthcare Today
      Partners in Digital Health
      blockchain, distributed ledger, healthcare, scoping review, success

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          Abstract

          Background

          The healthcare industry is the new frontier for blockchain technology. Given its properties of immutability and decentralization, blockchain represents an opportunity for unprecedented level of privacy and security for all stakeholders by ensuring data integrity while giving patients control over their own health data. On a backdrop of rising interest in blockchain in general and blockchain healthcare applications in particular, there has been a proliferation of blockchain healthcare projects over the past few years. The aim of this review is to identify and understand real-world blockchain healthcare projects that have attained commercial success in the highly competitive blockchain market.

          Methods and findings

          A scoping review was performed in January 2021 on all projects in the CoinMarketCap database. Following a pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, eligible projects were selected. A single reviewer then reviewed each project’s official website and whitepaper (where available) and performed data abstraction; 10 blockchain healthcare projects fulfilled the selection criteria. The review found that these projects made up 0.24% of the total number of actively tracked projects on CoinMarketCap. In terms of market capitalization, the total market capitalization for the projects was US$65,078,849, comprising less than 0.01% of the total market capitalization of all projects. Among the projects, the most frequent type was for personal health tracking.

          Conclusions

          This review revealed that blockchain health projects currently comprise a small fraction of the overall number of commercially successful blockchain projects. However, because this sub-industry is still in its early stages, there are reasons to be optimistic that many more blockchain health projects will emerge and attain commercial success in future. Findings from this review done from an entrepreneurial perspective should help with the identification of future projects most likely to succeed.

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          Most cited references32

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          Blockchain Technology in Healthcare: A Systematic Review

          Since blockchain was introduced through Bitcoin, research has been ongoing to extend its applications to non-financial use cases. Healthcare is one industry in which blockchain is expected to have significant impacts. Research in this area is relatively new but growing rapidly; so, health informatics researchers and practitioners are always struggling to keep pace with research progress in this area. This paper reports on a systematic review of the ongoing research in the application of blockchain technology in healthcare. The research methodology is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and a systematic mapping study process, in which a well-designed search protocol is used to search four scientific databases, to identify, extract and analyze all relevant publications. The review shows that a number of studies have proposed different use cases for the application of blockchain in healthcare; however, there is a lack of adequate prototype implementations and studies to characterize the effectiveness of these proposed use cases. The review further highlights the state-of-the-art in the development of blockchain applications for healthcare, their limitations and the areas for future research. To this end, therefore, there is still the need for more research to better understand, characterize and evaluate the utility of blockchain in healthcare.
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            Blockchain for Secure EHRs Sharing of Mobile Cloud Based E-Health Systems

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              National Health Expenditure Projections, 2019–28: Expected Rebound In Prices Drives Rising Spending Growth: National health expenditure projections for the period 2019–2028.

              National health expenditures are projected to grow at an average annual rate of 5.4 percent for 2019-28 and to represent 19.7 percent of gross domestic product by the end of the period. Price growth for medical goods and services is projected to accelerate, averaging 2.4 percent per year for 2019-28, which partly reflects faster expected growth in health-sector wages. Among all major payers, Medicare is expected to experience the fastest spending growth (7.6 percent per year), largely as a result of having the highest projected enrollment growth. The insured share of the population is expected to fall from 90.6 percent in 2018 to 89.4 percent by 2028.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Blockchain Healthc Today
                Blockchain Healthc Today
                BHTY
                Blockchain in Healthcare Today
                Partners in Digital Health
                2573-8240
                16 April 2021
                2021
                : 4
                : 10.30953/bhty.v4.166
                Affiliations
                [1 ]SingHealth Polyclinics, SingHealth, Singapore
                [2 ]SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: Hao Sen Andrew Fang. Email: andrew.fang.h.s@ 123456singhealth.com.sg
                Article
                166
                10.30953/bhty.v4.166
                9907424
                79c4335d-ea8c-4d75-a8c2-01abcfb44447
                © 2021 The Authors.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

                History
                : 27 January 2021
                : 21 March 2021
                : 21 March 2021
                Categories
                Narrative/Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analysis

                blockchain,distributed ledger,healthcare,scoping review,success

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