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      Factores relacionados con el lugar de fallecimiento en cuidados paliativos pediátricos Translated title: Factors related to the place of death of patients in a pediatric palliative care unit. What does the place of death of the children depend on?

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          Abstract

          Resumen: Introducción Los cuidados paliativos pediátricos pretenden responder a las necesidades que presentan niños con enfermedades amenazantes o limitantes para la vida y sus familias siempre desde un abordaje bio-psico-social y espiritual. En la unidad de cuidados paliativos pediátricos del hospital Sant Joan de Déu se atiende a estos pacientes allí donde se encuentren. La tendencia y prevalencia del lugar donde fallecen los niños atendidos por la unidad es variable con el tiempo y depende de diversos factores. Objetivo Describir qué factores se asocian al lugar de fallecimiento en una población de pacientes atendidos por la unidad de cuidados paliativos pediátricos. Metodología Estudio descriptivo transversal y retrospectivo con población atendida por la unidad de cuidados paliativos pediátricos del hospital Sant Joan de Déu entre los años 2010 y 2015. La muestra incluyó al total de niños y familias atendidos en dicho periodo, y quedaron excluidos aquellos pacientes que no fallecieron durante el mismo. Se revisaron variables como la especialidad de derivación, el tiempo de seguimiento, el lugar donde se recibía la atención y el tipo de consulta provista, así como el emplazamiento del fallecimiento. Resultados De los 198 niños incluidos, con edades comprendidas entre pocas horas de vida y 22 años, el 41,9% fallecieron en su domicilio. Las especialidades de origen mayoritarias de los pacientes fueron oncología y neurología. La población estudiada estaba formada por niños con enfermedades graves, generalmente incurables y que limitan o amenazan su vida. Existe correlación significativa positiva entre el tiempo de seguimiento y el número de consultas domiciliarias y telefónicas. Este periodo de seguimiento era significativamente mayor en aquellos que fallecieron en su domicilio. En el análisis se encuentran diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre pacientes con patologías onco-hematológicas y no onco-hematológicas. Conclusiones El tiempo de seguimiento de los pacientes y sus familias por la unidad de cuidados paliativos pediátricos está relacionado con el fallecimiento en domicilio.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Background Pediatric palliative care aims to respond to the needs of children with life-threatening and/or life-limiting diseases and their families from a bio-psycho-social and spiritual perspective. The pediatric palliative care unit of Sant Joan de Deu Hospitalis was designed to address these needs, both in hospital and at home. The trend and prevalence of where children die varies over time and depends on diverse features. Objective Describe the factors associated with the place of death in a population of patients seen by a Pediatric Palliative Care Unit. Methodology Cross-sectional, retrospective observational, descriptive and correlational study of the patients attended by the unit of the Sant Joan de Deu Hospital between the years 2010 and 2015. The population includes all of the children treated by the unit in the above-mentioned period excluding those who exceeded their life expectancy. Results: Out of the 198 studied patients - aged from 0 days to 22 years - 41,9% died at home. The average of follow- up time was 184 days. Most of the cases were addressed from Oncology (50%) and Neurology (28, 3%).The present population consisted of children with severe illnesses, generally incurables and life-limiting or life threatening. It exists a high correlation between the follow-up time and the amount of telephone inquiry and home consultation. The remaining time at the unit was higher on children who died at home comparing to the hospital setting. The analysis of the differences between onco-hematological or non onco-hematological illnesses led to the detection of a statistical significance between the different kind of consultation (at hospital, home or telematic ones). Conclusions: The length of stay of patients in the pediatric palliative care unit is associated with the likelihood of death occurring at home.

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          Parent and physician perspectives on quality of care at the end of life in children with cancer.

          To ascertain parents' and physicians' assessments of quality of end-of-life care for children with cancer and to determine factors associated with high-quality care as perceived by parents and physicians. A survey was conducted between 1997 and 2001 of 144 parents of children who received treatment at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children's Hospital (Boston, MA) or Children's Hospitals and Clinics of St Paul and Minneapolis, MN, between 1990 and 1999 (65% of those located and eligible) and 52 pediatric oncologists. In multivariable models, higher parent ratings of physician care were associated with physicians giving clear information about what to expect in the end-of-life period (odds ratio [OR] = 19.90, P = .02), communicating with care and sensitivity (OR = 7.67, P < .01), communicating directly with the child when appropriate (OR = 11.18, P < .01), and preparing the parent for circumstances surrounding the child's death (OR = 4.84, P = .03). Parent reports of the child's pain and suffering were not significant correlates of parental ratings of care (P = .93 and .35, respectively). Oncologists' ratings of care were inversely associated with the parent's report of the child's experience of pain (OR = 0.15, P = .01) and more than 10 hospital days in the last month of life (OR = 0.24, P < .01). Parent-rated communication factors were not correlates of oncologist-rated care. No association was found between parent and physician care ratings (P = .88). For parents of children who die of cancer, doctor-patient communication is the principal determinant of high-quality physician care. In contrast, physicians' care ratings depend on biomedical rather than relational aspects of care.
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            Shifting place of death among children with complex chronic conditions in the United States, 1989-2003.

            The place where children with complex chronic conditions are dying may be shifting toward residential homes due to the evolving epidemiology of life-threatening childhood conditions, advances in home-based medical technology, and changes in attitudes about pediatric palliative care and hospice services. To determine whether pediatric deaths attributed to complex chronic conditions are increasingly occurring in the home and to assess race and ethnicity disparities in the location of death. Retrospective national-level case series drawn from the National Center for Health Statistics' Multiple Cause of Death Files spanning 1989-2003. Participants included all deceased individuals aged 19 years or younger with a complex chronic condition excluding injury and noncomplex chronic conditions (as classified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision or International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision). Place where death occurred. Among the 22.1% of deaths (198 160 of 896 509 total deaths) attributed to a complex chronic condition between 1989 and 2003, the percentage of individuals dying at home increased significantly (P<.001) over time for infants (aged <1 year) (4.9% in 1989 and 7.3% in 2003); 1- to 9-year-olds (17.9% and 30.7%); and for 10- to 19-year-olds (18.4% and 32.2%). Adjusting for decedent characteristics, the odds of dying at home increased significantly each year (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.04) and were reduced among both black and Hispanic decedents (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.52 and odds ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.54, respectively) compared with white decedents. Children who die with underlying complex chronic conditions increasingly are dying at home. Racial and ethnic disparities regarding place of death may represent important limitations and opportunities for improvement in the current systems of pediatric chronic and palliative care.
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              Parent and clinician preferences for location of end-of-life care: home, hospital or freestanding hospice?

              Current options for location of end-of-life (EOL) care for children with cancer include home, hospital, and freestanding pediatric hospice (FSPH). However, access to these options varies greatly depending on geographical location. We aimed to determine bereaved parent and clinician preferences for location to EOL care and death.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ene
                Ene
                Ene.
                Martín Rodríguez Álvaro (Santa Cruz de La Palma, La Palma, Spain )
                1988-348X
                2020
                : 14
                : 3
                : e14310
                Affiliations
                [1] Esplugues de Llobregat Barcelona orgnameHospital Sant Joan de Déu orgdiv1Unidad de Cuidados Paliativos Pediátricos
                Article
                S1988-348X2020000300010 S1988-348X(20)01400300010
                7a093038-005d-402a-b3ae-ad05504bcc5f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 March 2020
                : 01 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                home care,pediatría,end-of-life care,pediatrics,atención en domicilio,Cuidados paliativos,Palliative care,place of death,cuidados al final de la vida

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