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      Magnesium and pCO explaining subjective feeling of success

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          Abstract

          Abstract. From a group of 23 officer trainees of the Theresan Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), 100 µL of capillary blood was collected before their first parachute jump, and pCO 2 and ionized Mg were determined. Three days after the jump, their subjective feeling of success (on a scale from 0 to the highest score of 5) was checked by a sociological questionnaire. It turned out that the most expressed feeling of success went along with the lowest pCO 2 before the jump, depicting the highest breathing frequency. Ionized Mg levels followed a polynomial curve with the nadir at ~ 3 of the success – scale, so that at both individually felt low and high success scores corresponded with Mg levels. We maintain that the reason for the Mg increase at the lower end of the success scale should be a sufficient substitution, while at the higher end Mg increase should rather be due to increased Mg output from tissue during mental excitement, borne out by concomitantly low pCO 2 levels.


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          Selenium, selenoproteins and human health: a review.

          Selenium is of fundamental importance to human health. It is an essential component of several major metabolic pathways, including thyroid hormone metabolism, antioxidant defence systems, and immune function. The decline in blood selenium concentration in the UK and other European Union countries has therefore several potential public health implications, particularly in relation to the chronic disease prevalence of the Western world such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Ten years have elapsed since recommended dietary intakes of selenium were introduced on the basis of blood glutathione peroxidase activity. Since then 30 new selenoproteins have been identified, of which 15 have been purified to allow characterisation of their biological function. The long term health implications in relation to declining selenium intakes have not yet been thoroughly examined, yet the implicit importance of selenium to human health is recognised universally. Selenium is incorporated as selenocysteine at the active site of a wide range of selenoproteins. The four glutathione peroxidase enzymes (classical GPx1, gastrointestinal GPx2, plasma GPx3, phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx4)) which represent a major class of functionally important selenoproteins, were the first to be characterised. Thioredoxin reductase (TR) is a recently identified seleno-cysteine containing enzyme which catalyzes the NADPH dependent reduction of thioredoxin and therefore plays a regulatory role in its metabolic activity. Approximately 60% of Se in plasma is incorporated in selenoprotein P which contains 10 Se atoms per molecule as selenocysteine, and may serve as a transport protein for Se. However, selenoprotein-P is also expressed in many tissues which suggests that although it may facilitate whole body Se distribution, this may not be its sole function. A second major class of selenoproteins are the iodothyronine deiodinase enzymes which catalyse the 5'5-mono-deiodination of the prohormone thyroxine (T4) to the active thyroid hormone 3,3'5-triiodothyronine (T3). Sperm capsule selenoprotein is localised in the mid-peice portion of spermatozoa where it stabilises the integrity of the sperm flagella. Se intake effects tissue concentrations of selenoprotein W which is reported to be necessary for muscle metabolism. It is of great concern that the health implications of the decline in Se status in the UK over the past two decades have not been systematically investigated. It is well recognised that dietary selenium is important for a healthy immune response. There is also evidence that Se has a protective effect against some forms of cancer; that it may enhance male fertility; decrease cardiovascular disease mortality, and regulate the inflammatory mediators in asthma. The potential influence of Se on these chronic diseases within the European population are important considerations when assessing Se requirement.
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            Zinc, copper, and blood pressure: Human population studies

            Summary Copper and zinc are essential trace biometals that regulate cardiovascular homeostasis, and dysregulation of these metals has been linked to vascular diseases, including hypertension. In this article, we review recent human population studies concerning this topic, focusing on: 1) the relationship between blood pressure and levels of zinc and copper; 2) correlations between trace metals, the renin-angiotensin system, obesity, and hypertension; 3) the relationship between environmental metal pollution and the development of hypertension; and 4) methods commonly employed to assay zinc and copper in human specimens. Moreover, based on the findings of these studies, we suggest the following topics as the basis for future investigations: 1) the potential role of environmental metal pollution as a causal factor for hypertension; 2) metal profiles within specific pathogenic subsets of patients with hypertension; 3) standardizing the experimental design so that the results between different studies are more comparable; and 4) the requirement for animal experiments as complementary approaches to address mechanistic insight that cannot be studied in human populations.
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              Mg and resilience – an extrapolation.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Trace Elements and Electrolytes
                TE
                Dustri-Verlgag Dr. Karl Feistle
                0946-2104
                2017
                April 01 2017
                : 34
                : 04
                : 81-83
                Article
                10.5414/TEX01469
                7a2a9a14-2399-4859-a8f2-2bc263a4d9f8
                © 2017
                History

                Endocrinology & Diabetes,General medicine,Medicine,Gastroenterology & Hepatology,Nutrition & Dietetics
                ionized Mg,anticipation condition beforehand
,parachute jump,pCO 2,subjective success afterwards

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